Question

what is the Rutherford model of an atom with observation ,conclusion,drawbacks

Answer 1

Observations:

1. Many alpha particles passes from gold foil without any deflection.

2. Very few alpha particles deflected at any angles.

3. Very Very Very few alpha particles deflected back in straight line as same path.

Conclusions:

1. Much space inside atoms are empty about more than 99.99%.

2. The mass of whole atom is concentrated at center which occupies very less volume called as nucleus.

3. Electrons revolves around nucleus due to centripetal force.

Drawbacks:

1. According to Maxwell's law of electromagnetism, if one charge particle moves around opposite charge then it losses energy and suddenly fall into it.
Hence it can't understand about stability of atoms.

2. It could not explain about line spectra.

Hope it's helpful to u.

Answer 2

Answer:

Rutherford designed an experiment where fast-moving  alpha particles were made to fall on thin gold foil.

Observations:

The results that were obtained were  totally unexpected.

• Most of the alpha particles passed straight  through the gold foil.

• Some of the alpha particles were deflected by  small angles.

• One out of every 12000 alpha particles appeared  to rebound from the gold foil.

Conclusions :

• Most of the space inside the atom is empty  because most of the alpha particles passed  through the foil without getting deflected.

• As very few alpha particles were deflected, it  concludes that positive charge occupies a very  small space inside an atom.

• A very small number of alpha particles were  completely rebounded, which means that  the amount of positive charge is high and  concentrated within a small volume inside the  atom.

Drawback of the proposed model :

• The electrons revolving around the nucleus  should not be stable.

• They undergo circular acceleration and while  doing so, keep radiating energy and then finally  fall into the nucleus. By such logic, the atom  should cease to exist. We know that atoms are  quite stable.