Question

What is the significance of meiosis?

Answer 1

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$\large{ \bf{ \red{MEIOSIS : }}}$

✴The production of offspring by sexual reproduction includes the fusion of two gametes, each with a complete haploid set of chromosomes.

✴Gametes are formed from specialised diploid cells .

✴ These diploid cells undergo division that reduces the chromosome number by half and results in the production of haploid daughter cells.

✴ This kind of division is called MEIOSIS.

✴ Meiosis ensures the production of haploid phase in the life cycle of sexually reproducing organisms whereas Fertilization restores the diploid phase.

✴We come across meiosis during Gametogenesis in plants and animals, that leads to the formation of haploid gametes.


$\large{ \bf{ \purple{Significance \: of \: MEIOSIS \: : }}}$
❇ Meiosis helps in production gametes that helps in sexual reproduction.

❇In sexually reproducing organisms, the fixed number of chromosomes from generation to generation is maintained.

❇New genetic recombinations are possible by meiosis.

❇ Exchange of genetic material during sexual reproduction between parents is possible.

❇ Production of variations that help in evolutionary process is possible by Meiosis.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Significance of meiosis:

• Chromosome number is halved in gametes (sex cells), so that on fertilization, the normal number (2n) is restored.

• It provides for mixing up of genes which occurs in two ways :

      (i) The maternal and paternal chromosomes get mixed up during the first (reduction) division as they separate from the homologous pairs.

     (ii) While the maternal and paternal chromosomes are separating, the chromatid material very often gets exchanged between the two members of a homologous pair. This is known as crossing over which results in genetic recombination.