What is the significance of Surat session of the Congress in the freedom movement of India?
Answers
Answer:
The Surat session of Congress of 1907 was a major event as it clearly defined two groups in the same party. It caused a split in Congress and the event is also called as Surat Split.
From the inception of Congress, it was influenced by Moderates. They were people who believed that British could be persuaded to be better. They thought that India could achieve a dominion status like that of Canada or Australia, which would result in faster development of the country. Their leaders were Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, etc. But they were not able to achieve their intended goals and it seemed ad is the British were taken Congress too lightly.
Out of this discontent, a new group of young, flamboyant leaders came to the fore. They wanted to see results and were not afraid to take Britishers to the task. They were adamant about taking stronger, harsher measures to make the British listen and abide by their demands. Their leaders were Bal Gangadhar tilak, Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal (famously known as Lal-Bal-Pal). They were called Extremists.
During the Partition of Bengal in 1906, the Extremists wanted to spread the movement outside of Bengal to create an even bigger movement. But the Moderates were against the idea of boycott of foreign goods. And they also did not want to spread the agitation outside Bengal. This seriously agitated the Extremists.
In the Surat session of 1907, this conflict became clear. Both sides wanted their leaders to become President of the Congress. But when no solution could be reached, the Extremists were left out of the meeting.
The issue was resolved in the Lucknow Session of Congress in 1916 when both parties came together to settle their differences. It is also called as Lucknow Pact.
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The significance of Surat session of the Congress in the freedom movement of India.
Explanation:
- Surat Session of the Congress was held in 1907 at the bank of Tapti River.
- The two groups in Congress came on head-on collision at the issue of election of the President, but the main resentment lied in the ideological difference between the two groups.
- The result was that the Congress split between two groups called moderates and extremists.
- And therefore the session came to be known as Surat split.
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