what is the source of groundwater explain your answer state any five uses of water
Answers
Groundwater sources have their origin in the water cycle and are held in aquifers beneath the ground surface.
These aquifers can be penetrated by wells to provide a clean water source.
Note: Much of the contents on this page has been adapted from publications of Lifewater International, written by Fred Proby.
Water that falls as precipitation flows along the surface of the ground. This surface water infiltrates into the ground surface and is held in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations.
Gaining access to groundwater sources therefore requires digging or drilling through the ground and into an aquifer. An aquifer is a layer of earth material that is capable of yielding a useable quantity of water.
The amount of water that an aquifer may yield is dependent upon the porosity and permeability of the material found in the earth layer.
Sometimes people visualize groundwater sources as a lake or a river flowing underground. But, most commonly, groundwater occurs within the small pores between soil and sediment particles.
Groundwater does flow, however. But, it moves at a very slow rate. Flow rates of ground water may range from 2 meters per day to 2 meters per year.
The rate of groundwater movement depends upon the permeability of the material through which it flows. Groundwater flows from the area of infiltration, called the recharge area, to the discharge point.
Porosity is a measure of the void spaces (pores) that exist between particles of clay, grains of sand, or pieces of gravel, in the layer. It is usually expressed as a fraction of the volume of void space divided by the total volume, and written as a percentage between 0–100%.Permeability refers to the ability of water to move between these pore spaces.
As you can see in the table above, clay has high porosity and low permeability. Gravel, on the other hand, has a relatively low porosity and high permeability.
Groundwater flows through the open spaces in sediment and rock. Layers that have high permeability allow water to move more freely between the pore spaces.
Gravel layers yield more water because of their high permeability, so they make better groundwater sources than clay.
Layers of bedrock can make acceptable groundwater sources if there are enough cracks in them and if those cracks are connected so that enough water flows through them to supply water to a well.
A confining layer is a layer of sediment or rock which has low permeability. It does not allow water to easily pass through it, so it can protect the water beneath it from contamination.
Water found beneath a confining layer is often clean water since it has the confining layer above it to keep out contamination. When an aquifer has a confining layer above and below it, it is referred to as a confined aquifer.
The water within a confined aquifer can be under pressure. When a confined aquifer is tapped by a well, water can rise up above the top of the aquifer, sometimes rising above the surface of the ground. This is how an artesian well is formed.
An unconfined aquifer is one that does not have a confining layer above it. The top of the saturation point in an unconfined aquifer is called thewater table. Pores below the water table are full of water. When tapped by a well, the water level in the well will be the same as the water level of the aquifer, since unconfined aquifers are not under pressure like confined aquifers are.
Unconfined aquifers are found near the ground surface and are easily recharged. They have porous layers of sediment above them and may also be easily contaminated.
A perched aquifer is a small unconfined aquifer that has a confining layer below it. There may be a larger aquifer beneath the impermeable layer that lies below the perched aquifer. Perched aquifers are not good groundwater sources because they do not provide much water and can easily be pumped dry or may go dry in the dry season.
five uses of water :
1) for cleaning purposes
2) for cooking food
3) for washing clothes and vessels
4) for drinking purposes ( very important point )
5) for bathing
Answer:
Rainfall serves as the primary groundwater source.
Water from the rain and other sources, such as rivers, lakes, and ponds, seeps through the soil and fills the crevices between the rocks beneath the earth. To pump out ground water, use a handpump or a tube well.
Springs and wells are examples of groundwater sources that lie below the surface of the earth. The hydrologic cycle demonstrates how when rain falls to the ground, some water seeps into the ground, some water seeps into streams or lakes, some water evaporates into the atmosphere, and some water is absorbed by plants.
groundwater is significant.
Because 1) it supplies water to both urban and rural regions, 2) It is frequently employed for municipal, 3) agricultural purposes, 4) industrial 5) creating and running extraction wells. The groundwater is more practical and less prone to pollution. Consequently, it is frequently utilised to provide water to the general people
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