what is the sub name agaricus plant nd in which group mustard pant belongs to?
Answers
plantae and pteridophyta
3
Trophophyll - A leaf that does not produce spores, but produces only sugars by photosynthesis.
Sporophyll - A leaf that produces spores and also sugars by photosynthesis. The leaves are similar to the scales of pine cones or to stamens and pistil in angiosperms.
Brophophyll - A leaf that produces very large amounts of spores. These leaves are larger than other leaves and resemble trophophylls.
Clusters of adventitious roots arise from the underside of the stem near each node. Ferns reproduce through spores, and have neither seeds nor flowers. Like all vascular plants, ferns have a life cycle that sees alternation of generations, although the plant has a sporophyte dominant cycle.
Identifying features
Ferns are vascular plants having xylem and phloem for conduction of food and water.
They have stems, leaves and roots, and the adult plant is sporophytic dominant.
Pinus (Pine)
Sub-kingdom: Phanerogamae; Division: Gymnospermae
Gymnosperms are seed producing plants. The word gymnosperm comes from the Latin word ‘gymnospermos’ meaning ‘naked seeds’, which means the plants bear naked seeds which are exposed to the environment.Gymnosperm seeds develop either on the surface of scale or leaf-like appendages of cones, or at the end of short stalks. The cones are the reproductive organs of the plants. Gymnosperms do not have the ability to make flowers.
Characteristics of Pinus (Pine)
The Pine is a tall evergreen tree found mostly in hilly areas in tropical and temperate climates. It is a vascular plant having well developed xylem and phloem.
The stem is covered with bark, is thick and bears long and short branches. The long branches arise from the main stem and have unlimited growth and bear scale leaves. The short branches arise from the scale leaves of the long branches and have limited growth. They bear needle like leaves.
The adult pine has two types of leaves:
The scale leaves, that are small, brown and are non-photosynthetic. They are arranged spirally.
The adult needle-like leaves are green and photosynthetic. These needle-like leaves are bundled in clusters of 1 to 6 or 2 to 5, called fascicles. Each fascicle is produced from a small bud on a short branch in the axil of a scale leaf.
The pine tree has taproots. It is monoecious, which means the tree bears both the male and female cones. It produces naked seeds that are not enclosed in a fruit. A pine tree produces two types of spores- the microspores seen on male cones and megaspores seen on female cones. Hence, they are heterosporic.
Male Cones
Male cones are borne in clusters in the axil of the scale leaves of the long branches. A mature cone is dark brown in colour and ovoid in shape. A male cone consists of numerous spore bearing leaves, the microsporophylls, that are arranged spirally on the central axis.
Each microsporophyll has a stalk, a broad lamina and a tip curved upwards to fit over the microsporophyll above it. It bears two sporangia on its lower surface. The sporangia are filled with numerous winged microspores. The wings help the pollen grains to be carried by the wind that reach the ovules (megasporangia) in the female cones.
Female cones
A female cone is brown in colour, woody in structure and found in groups of 2 to 4 in the axil of the scale leaves of the long branches. Branches that bear male cones do not bear female cones. It contains 80-90 bract scales arranged spirally on the central axis. In the axils of each bract scale an ovuliferous scale is present, called the microsporophyll. It bears two ovules on the upper surface. The ovules contain eggs that are fertilised by the winged pollen grains released by the microsporangia of the male cone.
Identifying features:
The seeds are naked, which means they are not enclosed in an ovary or fruit.
The reproductive organs are the cones.
White Orchid-tree (Bauhinia acuminata)
Sub-kingdom: Phanerogamae; Division: Angiospermae; Class: Dicotyledonae
Angiosperms are flowering plants and are the most diverse group of land plants, with a vascular system. Angiosperms have stems, roots, and leaves. They produce seeds that are enclosed within a fruit. Angiosperms bear flowers that are reproductive organs. Flowering plants are divided into two major groups, or classes on the basis of the number of cotyledons present in the seed, the Monocots and Dicots. Monocot seeds have one cotyledon and dicot seeds having two cotyledons. The cotyledons are enclosed in an embryo.
Characteristics of White Orchid-tree (Bauhinia acuminata)
Bauhinia acuminata is a species of flowering plant native to tropical south eastern Asia. It grows two to three meters tall and is a semi-deciduous large shrub or small tree with white butterfly-like flowers. This shrub is drought tolerant. Bauhinia acuminata is very sensitive to cold winds.
Like the other Bauhinia species, the leaves are bilobed and shaped like an ox’s hoof. Its leaves are sessile and have a reticulate venation.