Question

what is the substratum? us the topsoil always derived from this layer?​

Answer 1

Answer:

☆Substratum refers to a layer below the surface.

☆ The term is often used in soil science and it refers to the layer that lies below the surface layer and the subsoil.

☆Soils typically have three major horizons: the surface horizon, the subsoil below that, and then the substratum.

@YogitaChaudhary