What is the value of (-1)
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n! is defined for any positive integer n as the product of every positive integer less than or equal to n.
Equivalently, it can be defined recursively as follows:
1! = 1.
n! = (n-1)!×n for any integer n ≥ 2.
Let us extend the recursive definition so that the rule “n! = (n-1)!×n” is true for any integer n.
Then for the case n = 1:
1! = (1–1)!×1.
So 1 = 0!×1.
So 0! = 1.
And for the case n = 0:
0! = (0–1)!×0.
So 1 = (-1)!×0.
Let d = (-1)!
Then 1 = d×0.
But given any number d, d×0 = 0. So there is no number d which satisfies the equation d×0 = 0. So d does not exist, and therefore (-1)! has no value.
So (-1)! is undefined, just as 1/0 is undefined, and for precisely the same reason.
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