Question

what is the various health harzad of modernisation

Answer 1

There are at least two major and related causes of modernization. One is the growth in science that came along (in Europe) with the Enlightenment. The other is the growth in available technology. When a country is pre-modern, its people generally do not believe in science. They hold traditional beliefs that typically hold that life is affected by supernatural forces. They do not believe that life can change in any major ways. In the Enlightenment, people came to challenge this idea. They came to believe that life is affected by forces that are understandable via science. For example, they came to believe that disease is caused by microorganisms, not by demons. Once they had this outlook, they came to believe that life could be improved. Science could change the way we live, making us (for example) less afraid of disease or of other natural calamities.