Question

what is theory and formula given by maxwell to prove saturn belt is made of tiny particle ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Maxwell predicts the composition of the rings

The descriptions of Saturn’s rings would continue from the seventeenth century onwards, but no one questioned their composition until the mid-nineteenth century. It was the British mathematician James Clerk Maxwell who endeavoured to prove that Saturn’s rings could not consist of a single continuous element. He proved mathematically that the force of gravity would break a thin body orbiting Saturn, so he predicted that the rings were composed of a large numbers of particles that floated around the planet. Only by looking at them from as far away as Earth did they appear to be solid rings.

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Answer 2

Answer:

The rings of Saturn are the most extensive ring system of any planet in the Solar System. They consist of countless small particles, ranging in size from micrometers to meters,[1] that orbit about Saturn. The ring particles are made almost entirely of water ice, with a trace component of rocky material. There is still no consensus as to their mechanism of formation. Although theoretical models indicated that the rings were likely to have formed early in the Solar System's history,[2] new data from Cassini suggest they formed relatively late.[3]

Although reflection from the rings increases Saturn's brightness, they are not visible from Earth with unaided vision. In 1610, the year after Galileo Galilei turned a telescope to the sky, he became the first person to observe Saturn's rings, though he could not see them well enough to discern their true nature. In 1655, Christiaan Huygens was the first person to describe them as a disk surrounding Saturn.[4] Although many people think of Saturn's rings as being made up of a series of tiny ringlets (a concept that goes back to Laplace),[4] true gaps are few. It is more correct to think of the rings as an annular disk with concentric local maxima and minima in density and brightness.[2] On the scale of the clumps within the rings there is much empty space.

The rings have numerous gaps where particle density drops sharply: two opened by known moons embedded within them, and many others at locations of known destabilizing orbital resonances with the moons of Saturn. Other gaps remain unexplained. Stabilizing resonances, on the other hand, are responsible for the longevity of several rings, such as the Titan Ringlet and the G Ring.

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