Physics, asked by saumya10, 1 year ago

what is universal gravitational constant?

Answers

Answered by Anonymous
19
Hi friend , Here is the required answer:-

UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION
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According to the law of gravitation, the force between the two objects is directly proportional to the product of their masses. That is

F directly proportional to M×m -------------(1)

And the force between the two objects is inversely proportional to the square of distance between them, that is,

F directly proportional to 1/ d² ----------------(2)

Combining Eq. (1) & (2),

F is directly proportional to M×m/d²

or, F = G M×m/d²

where G is the constant of proportionality and is called the universal gravitational constant.

The SI unit of G is Nm²kg-².

The value of G was found out by Henry Cavendish by using a sensitive balance. The accepted value of G is 6.673×10-¹¹ N m²kg-².


Hope this helps you...


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Answered by AkashMandal
11
UNIVERSAL LAW OF GRAVITATION OR NEWTONS LAW OF GRAVITATION
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According to this law, the force of attraction between two particles or bodies is

★ Directly proportional to the product of their masses and
★ inversely proportional to the square of the distance between these particles or bodies.

Now, Relation between gravitational force between two bodies and the distance between them.

Consider , two bodies A and B having masses m1 and m2 respectively.

let the distance between these bodies be r ( see the abvove figure )

According to the law of gravitation , the force of attraction ( F ) or force of gravitation between these bodies is directly proportional to
i) product of masses of bodies

ie:- F ∞ m1 m2 ..................…( 1 )

and ii) inversely proportional to square of distance between bodies

ie :- F ∞ 1/ r² ......................( 2 )

combining eqns. ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) , we get

F ∞ m1 m2/ r²

or, F = G m1 m2/ r² .....................( 3 )

where, G is constant and is known as universal gravitational constant.

eqn. ( 3 ) gives the magnitude of gravitational force between two interacting bodies of masses m1 and m2 separated by distance ' r '.
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Defination of universal gravitational constant ( G )

we know, F = Gm1 m2/ r²

or, G = F r² / m1m2

If m1 = 1 unit , m2= 1 unit and r = 1 unit, then G = F
Thus, universal gravitational constant ( G ) is defined as the force of attraction between two bodies of unit masses separated by a unit distance.

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BEST OF LUCK ;-)

#akashmandal.





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