Question

What is used to reduce carbon di oxide into carbohydrates, in the process of photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Answer:

Here Carbon Dioxide is reduced to glucose (Carbohydrate) by the hydrogen in NADPH and by utilising the chemical energy stored in ATP. Dark Reaction takes place in stroma region of Chloroplasts. Melvin Calvin gave the details of this process using radioactive carbon. It is also called as Calvin Cycle

Answer 2

During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is reduced to carbohydrates during the Calvin cycle by the use of the energy currency of the cell that is ATP and NADPH.

PHOTOSYNTHESIS:

• The chemical process of fixation of carbon dioxide and water to form carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight.
• The carbohydrate molecules formed is the cellulose that is further converted to starch, stored and utilized as the source of energy by the green plants.
• The reaction is -                                

                               $CO_2 + H_2O$ → $C_6H_1_2O_6 + O_2$  

• The water molecule oxidizes to form oxygen giving two electrons required for the formation of NADPH.
• Carbon dioxide molecules reduce to carbohydrate molecules by the action of NADPH and ATP molecules.
• NADPH forms NADP^+ and ATP converts to ADP molecules by releasing electrons to convert intermediate molecules to form sugars.
• The process of conversion of carbon dioxide to carbohydrate is specifically known as the Calvin cycle.