Question

What is valency ?

Explain by taking example of oxygen and carbon.

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Answer 1

Answer:

Definition: Valency is defined as the combining capacity of the element. It is determined by the number of valence shell electrons present in the atom.

If the number of valence electrons is less than or equal to 4 so the valency is the same as the number of electrons present.

If the number of valence electrons is more than 4 then the valency is 8-(the number of valence shell electrons).

(1) Oxygen has an atomic number 8. The electronic configuration is 2, 6. The valency is (8-6)=2

(2) The valency of carbon is four and one atom of carbon can make four covalent bonds.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

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Valency is the combining capacity of an atom. (or)

It is the number of electrons an atom can gain or lose to become stable or to reach to the state of octet.

for example:-

oxygen: it's electronic configuration is 2 6

so it's gains 2 electrons so it's valency is 2.

carbon: it's electronic configuration is 2 4

so it shares 4 electrons so it's valency is 4.

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