what is vector borne didease
Answers
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➡️Vector borne disease are human illnesses caused by Bacteria, Viruses And Parasite that are transmitted by Mosquitoes, Snails, Flies, Bugs etc.
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Explanation:
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Key facts
-Vector-borne diseases account for more than 17% of all infectious diseases, causing more than 700 000 deaths annually.
-More than 3.9 billion people in over 128 countries are at risk of contracting dengue, with 96 million cases estimated per year.
-Malaria causes more than 400 000 deaths every year globally, most of them children under 5 years of age.
-Other diseases such as Chagas disease, leishmaniasis and schistosomiasis affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide.
-Many of these diseases are preventable through informed protective measures
Main vectors and diseases they transmit
Vectors are living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals to humans. Many of these vectors are bloodsucking insects, which ingest disease-producing microorganisms during a blood meal from an infected host (human or animal) and later inject it into a new host during their subsequent blood meal.
Mosquitoes are the best known disease vector. Others include ticks, flies, sandflies, fleas, triatomine bugs and some freshwater aquatic snails.
Mosquitoes-:
Aedes
Chikungunya
Dengue fever
Lymphatic filariasis
Rift Valley fever
Yellow fever
Zika
Anopheles-:
Malaria
Lymphatic filariasis
Culex-:
Japanese encephalitis
Lymphatic filariasis
West Nile fever
Sandflies
Leishmaniasis
Sandfly fever (phelebotomus fever)
Ticks
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
Lyme disease
Relapsing fever (borreliosis)
Rickettsial diseases (spotted fever and Q fever)
Tick-borne encephalitis
Tularaemia
Triatomine bugs
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)
Tsetse flies
Sleeping sickness (African trypanosomiasis)
Fleas
Plague (transmitted by fleas from rats to humans)
Rickettsiosis
Black flies
Onchocerciasis (river blindness)
Aquatic snails
Schistosomiasis (bilharziasis)
Lice
Typhus and louse-borne relapsing fever
Vector-borne diseases
Vector-borne diseases are human illnesses caused by parasites, viruses and bacteria that are transmitted by mosquitoes, sandflies, triatomine bugs, blackflies, ticks, tsetse flies, mites, snails and lice. Every year there are more than 700 000 deaths from diseases such as malaria, dengue, schistosomiasis, human African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis and onchocerciasis, globally.
The major vector-borne diseases, together, account for aeround 17% of all infectious diseases. The burden of these diseases is highest in tropical and subtropical areas and they disproportionately affect the poorest populations. Since 2014, major outbreaks of dengue, malaria, chikungunya yellow fever and Zika have afflicted populations, claimed lives and overwhelmed health systems in many countries.
Distribution of vector-borne diseases is determined by complex demographic, environmental and social factors. Global travel and trade, unplanned urbanization and environmental challenges such as climate change can impact on pathogen transmission, making transmission season longer or more intense or causing diseases to emerge in countries where they were previously unknown.
Changes in agricultural practices due to variation in temperature and rainfall can affect the transmission of vector-borne diseases. The growth of urban slums, lacking reliable piped water or adequate solid waste management, can render large populations in towns and cities at risk of viral diseases spread by mosquitoes. Together, such factors influence the reach of vector populations and the transmission patterns of disease-causing pathogens.