what is vices of bureaucracy
Answers
At the turn of the century Lincoln Steffens made a career and helped elect a president by exposing corruption in American cities.1 In more recent years the task of exposure has fallen to the generally less daring hands of social scientists who, unlike their journalistic predecessors, have gathered their information from police departments, attorney generals’ offices, and grand jury records.2 Unfortunately, this difference in source of information has probably distorted the description of organized crime and may well have led to premature acceptance of the Justice Department’s long-espoused view regarding the existence of a national criminal organization.3 It almost certainly has led to an over-emphasis on the criminal in organized crime and a corresponding de-emphasis on corruption as an institutionalized component of America’s legal-political system.4 Concomitantly, it has obscured perception of the degree to which the structure of America’s law and politics creates and perpetuates syndicates that supply the vices in our major cities.