What is washing soda? Write the preparation of washing soda
Answers
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Washing Soda is sodium carbonate containing 10 molecules of water of crystallisation. So, we can say that washing soda is sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3. 10H2O). The sodium carbonate which does not contain any water of crystallisation is called anhydrous sodium carbonate or soda ash (Na2CO3).
Answer:
Sodium carbonate, Na₂CO₃, is the inorganic compound with the formula Na₂CO₃ and its various hydrates. All forms are white, water-soluble salts. All forms have a strongly alkaline taste and give moderately alkaline solutions in water. Historically it was extracted from the ashes of plants growing in sodium-rich soils.
Formula: Na2CO3
Molar mass: 105.9888 g/mol
Density: 2.54 g/cm³
Melting point: 851 °C
Boiling point: 1,600 °C
Soluble in: Water
preparation
Firstly, a cold and concentrated sodium chloride solution is reacted with ammonia and carbon dioxide to obtain sodium hydrogen carbonate.
The sodium hydrogen carbonate is slightly soluble in water, so it precipitates out as solid.
NaCl +NH3 +CO2 +H2O → NaHCO3 +NH4Cl
Secondly, now sodium hydrogen carbonate is separated by filtration, dried and heated. On heating sodium hydrogen carbonate decomposes to form sodium carbonate. This anhydrous sodium carbonate is known as soda ash.
2NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 +H2O +CO2
Soda ash
The preparation of Sodium Carbonate is also known as Solvay process. But before that calcium carbonate (limestone) was heated to release carbon dioxide.
Thirdly, anhydrous sodium carbonate or soda ash is dissolved in water and recrystallised to get washing soda crystals containing 10 molecules of water of crystallisation.
Na2CO3 + 10H2O → Na2CO3.10H2O
Washing Soda