Question

WHAT IS WEIMAR REPUBLIC

Answer 1

The Weimar Republic (German: Weimarer Republik [ˈvaɪmaʁɐ ʁepuˈbliːk] ( listen)) is an unofficial, historical designation for the German state during the years 1919 to 1933. The name derives from the city of Weimar, where its constitutional assembly first took place. The official name of the state remained Deutsches Reich (English: German Realm), unchanged since 1871. In English, the country was usually known simply as Germany.

German Reich

Deutsches Reich

1919–1933



Flag



Coat of arms (1919–1928)[a]

Anthem: 

Das Lied der Deutschen
(English: "Song of the Germans")



Germany in 1930



German states in 1920s (Free State of Prussia with its provinces shown in blue)

CapitalBerlinCommon languagesGermanReligion1925 census[2]
64.1% Protestant(Lutheran, Reformed, United)
32.4% Roman Catholic
0.9% Jewish
2.6% OtherGovernment1919–30 Federal
semi-presidential
constitutional republic
1930–33 De factoauthoritarian
presidential republicPresident 

• 1919–25

Friedrich Ebert

• 1925–33

Paul von HindenburgChancellor 

• 1919 (first)

Philipp Scheidemann

• 1933 (last)

Adolf HitlerLegislatureReichstag

• State Council

ReichsratHistorical eraInterwar period

• Established

11 August 1919

• Government bydecree begins

29 March 1930[3]

• Hitler appointedChancellor

30 January 1933

• Reichstag fire

27 February 1933

• Enabling Act

24 March 1933Area1925[4]468,787 km2(181,000 sq mi)Population

• 1925[4]

62,411,000Currency

1919–23 "Papiermark" (ℳ)

1923–24 Rentenmark

1924–33 Reichsmark (ℛℳ)

Preceded bySucceeded byGerman EmpireNazi Germany

^ Shown here is the older (1919) coat of arms. It was replaced in 1928 by the Imperial coat of arms created by Tobias Schwab (1887-1967) in the mid-1920s.[1] It was later re-adopted as the coat of arms of the Federal Republic of Germany in February 1950 by proclamation of Theodor Heuss.

A national assembly was convened in Weimar, where a new constitution for the Deutsches Reich was written and adopted on 11 August 1919. In its fourteen years, the Weimar Republic faced numerous problems, including hyperinflation, political extremism (with paramilitaries—both left- and right-wing) as well as contentious relationships with the victors of the First World War. The people of Germany blamed the Weimar Republic rather than their wartime leaders for the country's defeat and for the humiliating terms of the Treaty of Versailles. Weimar Germany fulfilled most of the requirements of the Treaty of Versailles although it never completely met its disarmament requirements and eventually paid only a small portion of the war reparations (by twice restructuring its debt through the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan).[5] Under the Locarno Treaties, Germany accepted the western borders of the republic, but continued to dispute the eastern borders.

From 1930 onwards President Hindenburgused emergency powers to back Chancellors Heinrich Brüning, Franz von Papen and General Kurt von Schleicher. The Great Depression, exacerbated by Brüning's policy of deflation, led to a surge in unemployment.[6] In 1933, Hindenburg appointed Adolf Hitler as Chancellor with the Nazi Party being part of a coalition government. The Nazis held two out of the remaining ten cabinet seats. Von Papen as Vice Chancellor was intended to be the "éminence grise" who would keep Hitler under control, using his close personal connection to Hindenburg. Within months, the Reichstag Fire Decree and the Enabling Act of 1933 had brought about a state of emergency: it wiped out constitutional governance and civil liberties. Hitler's seizure of power (Machtergreifung) was permissive of government by decree without legislative participation. These events brought the republic to an end—as democracy collapsed, the founding of a single-party state began the Nazi era.

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Answer 2

Answer:

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