What Is Wrutz Reaction???
Answers
HEYA, BUDDY !!
→ The Wurtz reaction is a coupling reaction which is developed by Charles-Adolphe and used in organic chemistry and organometallic chemistry. ... The reaction involves exchange of halogen and metal with the involvement of radical species R to form carbon-carbon bond arising in nucleophilic substitution reaction.
As We know that, The basic Wurtz equation is R-X + 2Na + X-R→ R–R + 2NaX
in which X = halogen such as (Cl, Br, I)
As an example, we can obtain ethane by reacting methyl bromide with sodium in the presence of anhydrous ether or tetrahydrofuran.
The reaction is:
2CH3Br + 2Na C2H6 +2NaBr
Here, a large alkane molecule is developed by the joining two compound of alkyl halide and eradicate the halogen atoms in the form of sodium halide.
In other example, if two different type of alkyl halides are used in the reaction then a combination of three alkanes will be formed. In such a case, if methyl and ethyl iodides are used to react with sodium then mixture of propane, butane and ethane will be formed, although it’s difficult to separate the alkanes from the mixture. Reactions which took place can be written as follows-
2CH3I + 2Na C^2H^6 +2NaI
CH3I + 2Na + C^2H^5I C^3H^8 +2^NaI
2 C2^H^5I +2Na C4^H^10 + 2^NaI
Know more, Limitations of Wurtz Reaction
Methane (CH4) is not prepared by using Wurtz reaction because the number of carbon atoms is every time double in production. The minimum number of carbon atoms for the reaction should be two which does not apply in the case of methane. That means the lowest alkane developed through Wurtz reaction is ethane.
Oxygen and moisture should not be allowed in the reaction medium, else sodium will be burnt by reacting with water and oxygen. Sodium is highly reactive in open air so it should be kept in kerosene.
Na + H^2O —› NaOH + H^2 (gas)
4^Na + O^2 —› 2^Na2^O
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