what isvandegraff generator,? explainits construction and working.
Answers
Explanation:
The American physicist Dr. Robert Jemison Van de Graaff invented the Van de Graaff generator in 1931. The device
has the ability produce extremely high voltages as high as 20 million volts. Van de Graaff invented the generator to supply the high energy needed for early particle accelerators. these accelerators are known as atom smashers because they accelerate the sub-atomic particles to very high speeds and then "smashed" them into the target atoms. The resulting collisions created other subatomic particles and high energy radiation such as X-rays. The ability to create these high-energy collisions in the foundation of particle andnuclear physics.
PRINCIPLE:
The Van de Graaff generator works on the following two principles.
Discharging action of sharp points i.e., electric discharge takes place in air or gases readily at pointed conductors.If the charged conductor is brought into internal contact with a hollow conductor , all of its charge transfers to the surface of the hollow conductor no matter how high the potential of the latter may be.
CONSTRUCTION:
M- a large spherical conducting shell is supported at a height several meters from the ground on an insulator column.
B- an insulating belt wound around two pulleys P1 and P2, this belt is moving continuously by a driven motor at constant speed.
C1,C2- sharply pointed combs close to the belt near its bottom and top, C1 has given 10kV by a high-tension battery (HT) and termed as spray comb and C2 is connected to spherical shell and termed as collector comb.