Question

what led to the Battle of Buxar? what was the result​

Answer 1

Answer:

The battle was the outcome of misuse of Farman and Dastak, and also the trade expansionist aspiration of English. On 22 October 1764, the Battle of Buxar took place and the Indian armies were defeated. The battle of Buxar proved itself to be a turning point in the history of India.

Answer 2

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What is Battle of B uxar?

It is a battle that was fought between English Forces, and a joint army of the Nawab of Oudh Shah Alam II, Nawab of Bengal, Mir Kasim, and Mughal Emperor. The battle was the result of misuse of Dastak, Farman and also the trade colonialist desire of English.

Battle of B uxar Causes

Before the battle of Buxar, one more battle was fought. That was Battle of Plassey, that timely gave British the predominance over the administration of the Bengal. As a result of the Battle of Plassey, Siraj-Ud-Daulah was dethroned as the Nawab of Bengal and was replaced by Mir Jafar (Commander of Siraj’s Army.) After Mir Jafar became the new Bengal nawab, the British took him as their puppet but Mir Jafar got involved with Dutch. Mir Qasim (son-in-law of Mir Jafar) was supported by the British to become the new Nawab and under the pressure of the Company, Mir Jafar decided to resign in favour of Mir Kasim. A pension of Rs 1,500 per annum was fixed for Mir Jafar.

A few reasons which were the key to the Battle of Buxar are given below:

Mir Qasim wanted to be independent and shifted his capital to Munger Fort from Calcutta.

He also hired foreign experts to train his army.

He treated Indian merchants and English as same.

Misuse of Dastak, Farman and expansion of trade by English were disliked by Mir Qasim.

These factors fuelled the English decided to overthrow him and war broke out between Mir Kasim and the Company in 1763.

Who Fought the Battle of Buxar?

The table below will inform the IAS aspirants to know the participants of the battle of Buxar and their significance on the battle:

Participants of Battle of B uxar and Role in the Battle of B uxar

Mir Qasim – (Administering Bengal in place of Mir Jafar – Nawab of Bengal) He disliked misuse of dastak, farmans by the English, hence tried to conspire against English forming an alliance with Awadh Nawab and Mughal Emperor

Shuja-Ud-Daulah – Nawab of Awadh (Oudh) Was a part of a confederacy with Mir Qasim and Shah Alam-II

Shah Alam II – Mughal Emperor He wanted to overthrow English from Bengal

Hector Munro – British Army Major He led the battle from the English side

Robert Clive Singed the treaties with Shuja-Ud-Daulah and Shah Alam-II after winning the battle

The Course of Battle of B uxar

When the battle broke out in 1763, English gained successive victories at Katwah, Murshidabad, Giria, Sooty and Munger. Mir Kasim fled to Awadh (or Oudh) and formed a confederacy with the Shuja-Ud-Daulah (Nawab of Awadh) and Shah Alam II (Mughal Emperor). Mir Qasim wanted to recover Bengal from the English. Read the course of battle in the points below:

Result of Battle of Buxar

• Mir Qasim, Shuja-Ud-Daula and Shah Alam-II lost the battle on October 22, 1764.
• Major Hector Munro won a decisive battle and Robert Clive had a major role in that.
• English became a great power in northern India.
• Mir Jafar (Nawab of Bengal) handed over districts of Midnapore, Burdwan and Chittagong to the English for the maintenance of their army.
• The English were also permitted duty-free trade in Bengal, except for a duty of two per cent on salt.
• After the death of Mir Jafar, his minor son, Najimud-Daula, was appointed nawab, but the real power of administration lay in the hands of the naib-subahdar, who could be appointed or dismissed by the English.
• Clive made political settlements with Emperor Shah Alam II and Shuja-Ud-Daula of Awadh in the Treaty of Allahabad