Question

What major historical event shaped the discipline of Sociology? Why?

Answer 1

Sociology as a scholarly discipline emerged
primarily out of enlightenment thought,
shortly after the French Revolution , as a
positivist science of society . Its genesis owed
to various key movements in the philosophy of
science and the philosophy of knowledge. Social
analysis in a broader sense, however, has
origins in the common stock of philosophy and
necessarily pre-dates the field. Modern
academic sociology arose as a reaction to
modernity , capitalism , urbanization,
rationalization , secularization , colonization
and imperialism. Late 19th century sociology
demonstrated a particularly strong interest in
the emergence of the modern nation state; its
constituent institutions , its units of
socialization , and its means of surveillance . An
emphasis on the concept of modernity, rather
than the Enlightenment, often distinguishes
sociological discourse from that of classical
political philosophy . [1]