What makes India a federal country?
Answers
Existence of Union and State Government- In the spirit of Federalism, there are two set of governing authority, in the Union and the in the states. For Example, the Central Government’s headquarter is in Delhi and that of Uttar Pradesh is in Lucknow.
Division of Power- Power has been divided between the Union and the State governments by the Union, State and Concurrent lists. While, the Centre can make laws on the subjects entrusted in the Union list, State Government can make laws on the subjects stated in the State List. While both have the authority to deal with the matters in the Concurrent List.
Constitution the Supreme Authority- Like in all Federations, the Constitution clearly lays down the distribution of power between the Union and the State.
Bicameral Legislature- In the state there are two houses, the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha . While the Lok Sabha has members who are directly elected by the citizens of the country, the Rajya Sabha has members who are indirectly elected.
Separation of Powers- India has a three tier government, where powers are divided between the Legislature, Executive and the Judiciary.
Answer:
=> The Constitution declared India as a Union of states. The following points clearly show that the Indian Union is based on the principles of federalism –
1】The Constitution clearly provided a three-fold distribution of legislative powers between the Union government and the State governments in the three lists—Union, State and Concurrent lists.
2】Sources of revenue for each level of government are clearly specified to ensure its financial autonomy.
3】This sharing of power is basic to the structure of the Constitution, and it cannot be changed by Parliament; it has to be ratified by at least half of the state legislatures.
4】In a federation, judiciary solves the disputes between different levels of government. In any such case of a dispute, the High Courts and the Supreme Court make a decision.