what methods of calculate of age of universe and earth
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As we discussed, defining the age of the universe as 1/H is not really correct because it assumes H has been the rate of expansion throughout the universe's history (and thus that the expansion rate has been constant, not accelerating or decelerating).
There are a couple of ways to get good estimates on the age of the universe, but no way to know exactly for sure. For an idea of how hard this is, let's pretend I show you a person and ask you to guess how old she is. It would be somewhat difficult to guess the exact right age, but how would you do it? You would think about how old that person looks compared to other people you know of different ages. Well, we only have one universe, so we can't compare it with other universes so determining the age is very hard! Here are three of the more accurate ways:
1) I mentioned just using 1/H was not a very accurate way of finding the age if we use the current measurement of H only. Remember H measures the rate of expansion so assuming H is constant in time says the universe has always been expanding at the same rate. We know this is not true (we believe the universe is actually accelerating) so to be more accurate we have to come up with a model for what we think the expansion rate has been like. In other words, we have to find H as a function of time, integrate over the history of the universe, and then take the inverse of that to get a more accurate age estimate.
There are a couple of ways to get good estimates on the age of the universe, but no way to know exactly for sure. For an idea of how hard this is, let's pretend I show you a person and ask you to guess how old she is. It would be somewhat difficult to guess the exact right age, but how would you do it? You would think about how old that person looks compared to other people you know of different ages. Well, we only have one universe, so we can't compare it with other universes so determining the age is very hard! Here are three of the more accurate ways:
1) I mentioned just using 1/H was not a very accurate way of finding the age if we use the current measurement of H only. Remember H measures the rate of expansion so assuming H is constant in time says the universe has always been expanding at the same rate. We know this is not true (we believe the universe is actually accelerating) so to be more accurate we have to come up with a model for what we think the expansion rate has been like. In other words, we have to find H as a function of time, integrate over the history of the universe, and then take the inverse of that to get a more accurate age estimate.
pdakash:
short one please
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Here we will describe just two types of evidence for an old Earth and two types of evidence for an old universe; more types can be found under further reading. These methods are largely independent of each other, based on separate observations and arguments, yet all point to a history much longer than 10,000 years. As Christians, we believe that God created the world and that the world declares his glory, so we can’t ignore what nature is telling us about its history.
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