what part of chromosome goes through a transcription and translation ? ( 200 word )
Answers
Answer:
DNA is a huge information database that carries the complete set of instructions for making all the proteins a cell will ever need! Although there are only four different bases in DNA (A, C, G and T), the order in which the bases occur determines the information to make a protein, just like the 26 letters of the alphabet combine to form words and sentences:
Compare: RAT - TAR - ART - same 3 letters; completely different meanings.
And with DNA: GAC - AGC - CGA - same 3 'letters'; completely different meanings to the cell (specifies the amino acids Aspartic Acid, Serine, and Arginine)
Q: Review: What are genes?
A: We know from the results of the Human Genome project, that most of the cell's DNA (~97%) does NOT code for proteins, but has structural or regulatory functions. The DNA in each chromosome that DOES provide the instructions for a protein is called a gene.
In the 1940s, scientists proposed, fairly correctly, that each gene "codes for" (contains the instructions for) one protein. This is referred to as the "one-gene, one-protein" hypothesis.
As we have learned more about the human genome in the last 10 years or so, however, we are now finding that more often than not, one gene will code for perhaps two or more related proteins.
This was a Big Surprise of the Human Genome Project in 2001 - scientists realized that we had only about 30,000 genes, coding for 100,000 different proteins - rather than the 100,000 genes that had been estimated for the human genome
Answer:
Euchromatin
Explanation:
Chromosomes have two different type of segments one is loosely packed and trancriptionally active called Euchromatin(take part in transcription) and another is heterochromatin which is densely packed and trancriptionally inactive and doesn't take part in transcription.