Question

what r cell organelles.... n there functions

Answer 1

Your answer :

Cell Organells

All the living cells have the plasma membrane around them to keep its contents separated from the external environment.
A lot of chemical activities are required for the functioning and to support the complicated structure of the cell.
To keep these activities of different kinds separate from each other, cell make use of membrane bound little structure within them, these are called as cell organelles.
Cell organells include endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria and plastids.

1. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

It acts as a supporting skeleton framework of the cell.
Transport of material : It helps to transport material from one part to another.
Exchange of material : It helps to exchange the material between cytoplasm and nucleus.
Localisation of organelles : It keeps the cell organelles at their respective places.
Surface for protein synthesis : RER provides extensive surface on which ribosomes synthesis proteins.
Surface for synthesising other substances : SER provides surface for synthesising liquids.
Packaging : The proteins from the ribosomes pass into the ear.
Detoxification : SER carries detoxification in the liver.

2. Golgi Apparatus

Packaging of material : It modifies, stores and packs the material coming from ER or synthesis in the golgo apparatus itself. Packaging involves wrapping a material forming transport vesicles.
It is involved in the formation of lysosomes, plasma membrane and cell wall.
It helps in the formation of yolk.

3. Mitochondria

Mitochondria is the main site for cellular respiration.
They use the molecular oxygen and carry food stuffs present in the cell.
Oxidation of food produces energy which is temporarily stored to form high energy ATP molecules.
ATP is used to bring about energy required for the activity of the cells, on this basis Mitochondria is known as power house or storage batteries of the cell and ATP is known as energy currency of the cell.

4. Plastids

Leucoplast store food in the form of starch, fats and proteins.
The Chromoplast imparts various colours to the flowers to attract the insects for pollination.

5. Vacuoles

They are the storage sap of the cell the stored substance can be solid or liquid fluid.
In plants they provide rigidity to the cell.
In some unicellular organisms specialised vacuoles maintain the water level of the body.

6. Lysosomes

Digestion of useful material : The food particles taken up by the cell in the vacuole from the environment are digested in the lysosomes. This is called intracellular digestion.
Digestion of harmful material : They dispose on the foreign particles by hydrolising them. This is called natural defense of the body.
Digestion of unwanted particles : They remove the dead cells and debris which accumulated at the side of injury by digesting them and make a way for their replacement. They are called as natural scavengers.

Hope this helps.

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