What's is the nature, method and scope of sociology to auguste comte
Answers
There is no special field of sociology since its subject matter has been parcelled out to a number of social science like political science, economics, psychology, anthropology, and history etc. Another criticism against sociology is that it borrows from other social sciences. It is argued that sociology is a hotch-potch of different social sciences.
It may be stated here that these arguments are totally incorrect and need no consideration. Today sociology is not only a distinct science with subject matter of its won but it has also acquired that high status which entitles it to be called the “mother of all social sciences”. Sociology has a distinct position among other social sciences.
Sociology is a special kind of abstraction, lit has its own perspective and its own system of explanation of human behaviour. While discussing the position of sociology among other social sciences, Maclver has rightly remarked that the social sciences have the spheres within sociology just as associations have the spheres within community.
Sociology has produced a great deal of valuable information’s about social institutions such as family, property, church and State; about social traditions, about social processes, about social classes, about changes in social habits, customs and fashions; about social control, about crime and suicide. None of these topics is adequately treated elsewhere.
Sociology, no doubt, borrows” its subject matter from other social sciences, but it gives this subject matter completely a new form. Sociology adopts completely different system of explanation of subject matter. Sociology borrows raw materials, applies a technique and creates what is called society and a distinct discipline to study its structure and processes. In the words of Motwani, “Sociology like an edifice is both the principle of coordination of facts of social life into an organic whole and also an independent science, the end result of such integration”.
Sociology is a science with its own subject matter, ‘social life as a whole’ and deals with more general principles underlying all social phenomena. Social phenomena is the subject matter of sociology. The basic social phenomena, the unit for sociological analysis is commonly identified as interaction between two or more human beings. Where there is interaction, the participants are said to be in social relationship. Human interaction and interrelation become the subject matter of sociology.
When relationships endure, they form social groups. The social group is commonly recognized to be one of the major; subjects of sociological study. The social group is a system, that is a structure consisting of parts which, without losing their identity and individuality, constitute a whole transcending the parts.
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