What salutation we may use in formal letter?
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When you are writing a business letter, it's important to include an appropriate salutation at the beginning. This is true whether you send your message via email or through the mail. Using an appropriate greeting sets the tone for your letter. It also shows the recipient that you understand basic rules of business etiquette.
While a simple "Hi," "Hello," or even "Hey" is appropriate in casual correspondence, a more formal salutation is appropriate when you are emailing about a business-related matter, such as a cover letter, letter of recommendation, or inquiry letter.
The following is a list of letter salutation examples that are appropriate for business and employment-related correspondence. Later, we’ll explain how to select and format a salutation, as well as how to address a letter to someone whose name you do not know.
Business Letter Salutation Examples
Dear Mr. SmithDear Mr. and Mrs. SmithDear Mr. White and Ms. SmithDear Dr. SmithDear Judge SmithDear Ms. JonesDear Jane DoeDear Dr. HavenDear Dr. and Mrs. HavenDear First Name (if you know the person well)
Note that all of these salutations begin with the word “dear.” While you can simply start a letter with the person’s name, this can be seen as abrupt or even rude. Always begin your salutation with the word “dear” in a business letter.
One exception is when you use the general salutation “To Whom It May Concern.” More on that in a moment.
Guidelines for Names and Titles
The salutation should typically use the person's last name, along with a "Mr." or "Ms." In general, avoid using "Mrs." or "Miss" unless you are certain of how the woman wants to be addressed.
When in doubt, default to using "Ms."
If you are writing to someone who has a doctorate or medical degree, use the abbreviated form: "Dr." However, for other titles, such as professor, judge, rabbi, etc., write out the full title and capitalize it.
For example, your salutation in a letter to a judge would be, "Dear Judge Barnard." Or, if your correspondence was with a rabbi, you might write, "Dear Rabbi Williams."
When your letter is to more than one person, write out all of their names separately, separating them with commas. For example, "Dear Mr. Hobbes, Ms. Luxe, and Mr. Hopman." For married couples, if one person in the couple has changed his or her name, you only need to use the last name once. For instance, "Dear Mr. and Mrs. Smith."
Sometimes a person's gender is unclear from a name; think about "Corey" or "Blake," which could be either women's or men's names. If that is the case, you can see if you can determine gender from searching on LinkedIn or a company website. But if it remains ambiguous, simply write out the person's full name, dropping the title. For example, "Dear Corey Meyer."
How to Format a Letter Greeting
Follow the salutation with a colon or comma, a space, and then start the first paragraph of your letter. Using a colon is the more formal option. For example:
Dear Mr. Smith:
[First paragraph of letter.]
When You Don't Have a Contact Person
If you don't have a contact person at the organization, you can either leave off the salutation and start with the first paragraph of your letter or use a general salutation.
However, before using a general salutation (or leaving off a salutation), try to find out the name of the person you are contacting.
If you are applying for a job and the hiring manager’s name is not included on the job listing, you might look up the title of the employer or hiring manager on the company website. If there is a contact number, you might also call and ask an administrative assistant for the name of the hiring manager.
If you are sending a different type of letter, you can still look up the person’s name on the company website, or speak to an administrative assistant or contact at the company for the name of the person you are trying to reach.
General Salutations for Business Letters
Dear Hiring ManagerTo Whom It May ConcernDear Human Resources ManagerDear Sir or Madam
Spell Check Names
Finally, before sending a business letter, make absolutely sure that you have spelled the person’s name correctly. Double-check the spelling on the company website or on LinkedIn.
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While a simple "Hi," "Hello," or even "Hey" is appropriate in casual correspondence, a more formal salutation is appropriate when you are emailing about a business-related matter, such as a cover letter, letter of recommendation, or inquiry letter.
The following is a list of letter salutation examples that are appropriate for business and employment-related correspondence. Later, we’ll explain how to select and format a salutation, as well as how to address a letter to someone whose name you do not know.
Business Letter Salutation Examples
Dear Mr. SmithDear Mr. and Mrs. SmithDear Mr. White and Ms. SmithDear Dr. SmithDear Judge SmithDear Ms. JonesDear Jane DoeDear Dr. HavenDear Dr. and Mrs. HavenDear First Name (if you know the person well)
Note that all of these salutations begin with the word “dear.” While you can simply start a letter with the person’s name, this can be seen as abrupt or even rude. Always begin your salutation with the word “dear” in a business letter.
One exception is when you use the general salutation “To Whom It May Concern.” More on that in a moment.
Guidelines for Names and Titles
The salutation should typically use the person's last name, along with a "Mr." or "Ms." In general, avoid using "Mrs." or "Miss" unless you are certain of how the woman wants to be addressed.
When in doubt, default to using "Ms."
If you are writing to someone who has a doctorate or medical degree, use the abbreviated form: "Dr." However, for other titles, such as professor, judge, rabbi, etc., write out the full title and capitalize it.
For example, your salutation in a letter to a judge would be, "Dear Judge Barnard." Or, if your correspondence was with a rabbi, you might write, "Dear Rabbi Williams."
When your letter is to more than one person, write out all of their names separately, separating them with commas. For example, "Dear Mr. Hobbes, Ms. Luxe, and Mr. Hopman." For married couples, if one person in the couple has changed his or her name, you only need to use the last name once. For instance, "Dear Mr. and Mrs. Smith."
Sometimes a person's gender is unclear from a name; think about "Corey" or "Blake," which could be either women's or men's names. If that is the case, you can see if you can determine gender from searching on LinkedIn or a company website. But if it remains ambiguous, simply write out the person's full name, dropping the title. For example, "Dear Corey Meyer."
How to Format a Letter Greeting
Follow the salutation with a colon or comma, a space, and then start the first paragraph of your letter. Using a colon is the more formal option. For example:
Dear Mr. Smith:
[First paragraph of letter.]
When You Don't Have a Contact Person
If you don't have a contact person at the organization, you can either leave off the salutation and start with the first paragraph of your letter or use a general salutation.
However, before using a general salutation (or leaving off a salutation), try to find out the name of the person you are contacting.
If you are applying for a job and the hiring manager’s name is not included on the job listing, you might look up the title of the employer or hiring manager on the company website. If there is a contact number, you might also call and ask an administrative assistant for the name of the hiring manager.
If you are sending a different type of letter, you can still look up the person’s name on the company website, or speak to an administrative assistant or contact at the company for the name of the person you are trying to reach.
General Salutations for Business Letters
Dear Hiring ManagerTo Whom It May ConcernDear Human Resources ManagerDear Sir or Madam
Spell Check Names
Finally, before sending a business letter, make absolutely sure that you have spelled the person’s name correctly. Double-check the spelling on the company website or on LinkedIn.
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Sign up for our short job interview series and find out what it takes to make a fantastic impression and get hired fast.
ONE-TAP SUBSCRIBE
Consider asking a trusted friend to proofread your message before you send it, paying particular attention to the spelling of names
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The salutation that can be used in formal letters are:
Greetings (also known as "Good Morning" or "Good Afternoon"):
- Consider these alternatives to "Hello" and "Hi," which are significantly more formal.
- They're appropriate for formal written or printed letters to strangers, as well as emails (or only know on a casual basis).
- Consider using them while sending a newsletter to another department, for example.
Dear:
- This salutation is suitable for most official written or electronic correspondence.
- You can use it regardless of whether you know the person or not, and whether the letter's recipient is a boss or a coworker.
- In cover letters, follow-up letters, and resignation letters to employers, the word "dear" is frequently used.
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