What steps has the goverment taken to protect the rights of that particular margilanised comunity?
Answers
a. Government policy of reservation which provides for reservation of seats in education and government employment for Dalits and Adivasis.
b. The Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 allows the marginalised groups to file their complaint under this act which includes atrocities, crime or any act of humiliation against the SC's or ST's.
c. Similarly, The central government passed the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 which safeguards the rights of the forest dwellers.
d. 73rd and 74th Constitutional amendment acts provided for 1/3rd reservation of seats in the local bodies for the weaker section.
e. Then there are constituencies reserved for the SC's and ST's from where the candidates belonging to the above mentioned categories can stand for elections.
These provisions have always been debated as to whether it is fair on part of the government to provide such arrangements for the marginalized group. The entire idea behind reservation for SC's and ST's has been :
a. It is an attempt to create a more egalitarian society and can enhance their educational and economic status.
b. They were the groups which were historically discriminated and were victims of societal oppression. Thus, In order to rectify the historical wrong reservation was introduced.
c. Reservation are considered to be mechanisms to protect minorities from the majorities.
d. In order to allow them to show their capability it is an initial step taken on part of the government to integrate the lower caste groups in the mainstream.
Answer:
According to the Indian Constitution, our society and polity are absolutely democratic. The list of Fundamental Rights, enshrined in our constitution defines this democracy in our country. Therefore, everyone in the country must have equal access to these rights. However, the marginalized groups have drawn on these rights in primarily two ways.
The first of this method includes insisting on their Fundamental Rights and forcing the government to recognize the injustice that has been done to them. In a second way, they have insisted that the government enforce these laws. In many instances, the Government has been forced to enforce new laws to protect the Fundamental Rights of these marginalized groups.
According to the Article 17 of the Constitution, untouchability is abolished – this means is that no one can stop the Dalits from education, entering temples, using public facilities etc. It also advocates practicing untouchability is wrong and is a punishable crime. Also, Article 15 of the Indian Constitution notes that no Indian citizen can be discriminated on the basis of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
This allows the Dalits to ‘invoke’ or ‘draw on’ a Fundamental Right (or Rights) in situations where they feel that their Fundamental rights have been violated by anyone in the country, be it the local government, any person or even the central government.
The government has a lot of laws for the marginalized. There are specific laws and policies for the marginalized in our country. Some of the policies and laws have emerged through other ways like setting up a committee or by undertaking a survey etc.
Explanation: