Question

what the special relativity theory given by Einstein

Answer 1

Einstein proposed that light doesn't need a reference frame and it's speed is always a constant in all frames of reference across the universe

implying that light is the most superior of all in the universe and this theory though not understood very well by all the scientists later gave rise to possibilities like time dilation etc

Answer 2

ANSWER:-

Special relativity is a theory of the structure of spacetime. It was introduced in Einstein's 1905 paper "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies". Special relativity is based on two postulates which are contradictory in classical mechanics:

1. The laws of physics are the same for all observers in any inertial frame of reference relative to one another (principle of relativity).
2. The speed of light in a vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of their relative motion or of the motion of the light source.