what types of disasters are common in india ? where do these commonly occurs ? locate any five states which are prone to natural disasters in india . Also name these disasters
Answers
Answer:
flash flood, landslide,cyclones, droughts
Explanation:
flash floods: occurs in highest mountain ranges of the United States
landslide: prone areas in India are the western Ghats, and konkan hills
Answer:
Natural disasters in India, many of them related to the climate of India, cause massive losses of life and property. Droughts, flash floods, cyclones, avalanches, landslides brought by torrential rains, and snowstorms pose the greatest threats. A natural disaster might be caused by earthquakes, flooding, volcanic eruption, landslides, hurricanes etc.
1 Landslides and avalanches
2 Floods in India
3 Cyclones in India
4 Climate change impacts on environment
Landslides and avalanches
Landslides are very common in the Lower Himalayas. The young age of the region's hills result in rock formations, which are susceptible to slippages. Rising population and development pressures, particularly from logging and tourism, cause deforestation. The result is denuded hillsides which exacerbate the severity of landslides; since tree cover impedes the downhill flow of water.[3] Parts of the Western Ghats also suffer from low-intensity landslides. Avalanches occurrences are common in Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Sikkim etc. Landslides in India are also highly dangerous as many Indian families and farmers preside in the hills or mountains. Also, the monsoon season in India is very severe.
Floods in India
Main article: Floods in India
Floods are the most common natural disaster in India. The heavy southwest monsoon rains cause the Brahmaputra and other rivers to distend their banks, often flooding surrounding areas. Though they provide rice paddy farmers with a largely dependable source of natural irrigation and fertilisation, the floods can kill thousands and displace millions. Excess, erratic, or untimely monsoon rainfall may also wash away or otherwise ruin crops.
Cyclones in India
The Intertropical Convergence Zone, may affect thousands of Indians living in the coastal regions. Tropical cyclogenesis is particularly common in the northern reaches of the Indian Ocean in and around the Bay of Bengal. Cyclones bring with them heavy rains, storm surges, and winds that often cut affected areas off from relief and supplies. In the North Indian Ocean Basin, the cyclone season runs from April to December, with peak activity between May and November.[8] Each year, an average of eight storms with sustained wind speeds greater than 63 kilometres per hour (39 mph) form; of these, two strengthen into true tropical cyclones, which have sustained gusts greater than 117 kilometres per hour (73 mph). On average, a major (Category 3 or higher) cyclone develops every other year.[9][10]
During summer, the Bay of Bengal is subject to intense heating, giving rise to humid and unstable air masses that produce cyclones. Many powerful cyclones, including the 1737 Calcutta cyclone, the 1970 Bhola cyclone, the 1991 Bangladesh cyclone, the 1999 Odisha cyclone, and 2019s Cyclone Fani in Odisha and Cyclone Vayu in Gujarat, have led to widespread devastation along parts of the eastern coast of India and neighboring Bangladesh.
Climate change impacts on environment
Main article: Effects of climate change in India
Monsoon
The Indian meteorological department has declared that water cycle will be more intense, with higher annual average rainfall as well increased drought in future years.[15] A 20% rise in monsoon over most states is also predicted.[16] A 2 °C rise in global average temperature will make Indian monsoon highly unpredictable.
Rivers and glaciers
The per capita availability of freshwater in India is expected to drop below 1000 cubic meters by 2025 because of population growth and climate change. River basins of Cauvery, Penna, Mahi, Sabarmati, Tapi, Luni and few others are already water scarce.
Glaciers are the main source of water for the Himalayan Rivers such as Ganga, Brahmaputra and Indus.
Sea level rise
Rise in sea temperature and sea level leads to loss of marine ecosystems and biodiversity, salination, erosion and flooding and also increases occurrence and intensity of storms along entire shoreline. Climate Change impacts are already observed in submergence of coastal lands in the Sundarbans,[21] loss of wetlands[22] and of coral reefs by bleaching,[23] and an estimated sea level rise of 1.06 - 1.75 mm/year.[citation needed] Low end scenarios estimate sea levels in Asia will be at least 40 cm higher by 2100.
Droughts, heat waves and sand storms
500Mha land in the Asia Pacific region is already experiencing land degradation.[27] The summers have already become more intense in India with some regions regularly reporting temperatures around 47 °C.[28] In the last four years, India has seen as many as over 4,620 deaths caused by heat waves, according to data published by the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India.
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