Question

what was iqta system

Answer 1

The conquest of Mohammed gori and establishment of sultanate brought major changes in the land revenue system in india. the government in those time made all attempts to increase the revenue by collecting taxes as per those in Islamic nations. the new taxes were imposed upon people and government share in produce increase. however till that the original from of hindu system of land tenure as per ancient manu's law survived with some modifications done by some of the greedy sultans and their officials.

The agriculture and land revenue system of the earlier turkish Sultans rested on two foundations viz. the Iqta(assignment of land revenue) and Kharaj(Land Revenue).

Answer 2

Answer:

Iqta system-

The features of this system are as follows:

The Iqta system had started outside India in Persia (Iran) region and western Asia.

The first Iqta in India– The region of Hansi (Haryana) given by Muhammad Gauri to Kutubuddin Aibak in the form of an Ikta was the first Iqta.

After some time, the territory of Uchchh (Sindh) given to Naseeruddin Kubacha as an Iqta by Muhammad Gauri.

But the administrative establishment of Iqta was by Iltutmish.

Iltutmish started the Iqta system. Meaning of Iqta is- providing land in the form of salary instead of money.

Iqta was of two types

Big Iqta – Such areas were given to the important wealthy and the army officers. These Iqtedars used to do military and administrative duties, along with revenue recovery in the land of Iqta.

Small Iqta – These were usually provided to the soldiers in the form of salary. These Iqtedar used to recover only the revenue.

Requirement of Iqta system

The Iqta system started with the need of early Turkish Sultans. Those areas of the Sultanate located away from the capital, which was not easy for the revenue collection, given as an Iqta by the Sultan. These provinces( इक्तायें ) were provided in exchange for the administrative and military service of Sultan.

Thus, by distributing provinces by the Sultan, the influence of the Sultanate was established in the border areas and revenue were also recovered regularly. On the other hand, the concerned officer got an area under his own, in which he could get revenue according to his merit.

Iltutmish gave 2000 provinces to rich Shamsi Turkish to break the power of Hindu landlords in the Ganga-Yamuna area.

Work of Iqtedar

Iqtedar used to fulfill administrative and military operations in his Iqta. He took out his salary and administrative & military expenditures from the revenue received from the Iqta and deposited the remaining amount in the treasury of Sultan. The balance was called Fawajil.

Iqtedar used to rule in the name of Sultan in his Iqta, his post was not hereditary. Iqtedar did not even have the right to run coins.

Iqtedar’s post was transferable. The Sultan transferred Iqtedars from time to time. Here the Sultan’s authority glimpses on Iqtedar. Thus, in the feudal method of the Rajput era, Sultan had more control over his Iqtedars.

Hope this helps. Please mark me brainliest my dear friend as it took me much time to make you understand.