What was Mahalwari System?
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halwari system
The government of Lord William Bentinck, Governor-General of India (1828 to 1835) introduced the Mahalwari system of land revenue in 1833.
This system was introduced in North-West Frontier, Agra, Central Province, Gangetic Valley, Punjab, etc.
This had elements of both the Zamindari and the Ryotwari systems.
This system divided the land into Mahals. Sometimes, a Mahal was constituted by one or more villages.
Tax was assessed on the Mahal.
Each individual farmer gave his share.
Here also, ownership rights were with the peasants.
Revenue was collected by the village headman or village leaders (lambardar).
It introduced the concept of average rents for different soil classes.
The state share of the revenue was 66% of the rental value. The settlement was agreed upon for 30 years.
This system was called the Modified Zamindari system because the village headman became virtually a Zamindar.
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Answer:
Mahalwari system, one of the three main revenue systems of land tenure in British India, the other two being the zamindar (landlord) and the ryotwari (individual cultivator). The word mahalwari is derived from the Hindi mahal, meaning a house or, by extension, a district.
For revenue purposes the name was applied to any compact area containing one or more villages, which were called “estates.” The revenue settlement was made with the estate—hence the term mahalwari—and there were distinct types of assessment. If a zamindar held the whole estate, the settlement was with him; otherwise, payment was exacted from individual cultivators.
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