what was the cause of flood in Assam plz tell me
Answers
Explanation:
The floods were caused by an excess Summer Mansoon that affected the state of Assam.
Answer:
Floods wreak havoc in Assam every year during the monsoon. Flood causes severe loss of life and property, leaves the economy of the state in shambles. Assam is the land of two mighty river systems – centering the Brahmaputra and the Barak. Each year these two rivers and their tributaries cause floods in vast areas of Assam. The geographical setting of the region, high intensity of rainfall of the South West Monsoon, easily erodible geographical formation aggravates floods in Assam.
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This year also more than 30 districts in the State have been severely affected by floods. Generally two districts that do not see flooding are Karbi Anglong West and Dima Hasao.
Assam with its vast network of rivers is more prone to natural disasters like flood and erosion which have a negative impact on overall development of the state. The Brahmaputra and the Barak with more than 50 tributaries feeding them cause flood during the monsoon every year. The flood and erosion problem of Assam is singularly different from other states, so far as extent and duration of flooding and magnitude of erosion are concerned, and it is probably most acute and unique in the country. The flood-prone areas of the state as assessed by the Rastriya Barh Ayog (RBA) is 31.05 lakh hectares against the total area of the state 78.523 lakh hectares, ie about 39.58 per cent of the total land area of Assam. This is about 9.40 per cent of the total flood-prone area of the country.
The flood-prone areas of India as a whole is about 10.2 per cent of the total area of the country, whereas flood-prone area of Assam is four times the national mark of the flood-prone area of the country.
During the post-independence period, Assam faced major floods in 1954, 1962, 1972, 1977, 1984, 1988, 1998, 2002, 2004 and 2012. Almost every year three to four waves of floods ravage the flood-prone areas of Assam. The average annual loss due to flood in Assam is to the tune of Rs. 200 crore and particularly in 1998 the loss suffered was about Rs. 500 crore. It was Rs. 771 crore in 2004.
The flood problem of the state is further aggravated due to flash floods by the rivers flowing down from neighbouring states like Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and Meghalaya. Flash floods create large-scale devastation in vast areas of the plains, including loss of flora, fauna and human lives.
Another major natural disaster being faced by Assam is bank erosion by the Brahmaputra and the Barak and their tributaries. Huge damage caused due to erosion runs into several hundred crores every year. Bank erosion by the rivers has been a serious issue for the last six decades as more than 4.27 lakh hectares of land was already gobbled up by the Brahmaputra and its tributaries since 1950, which is 7.40 per cent of the area of the state. As assessed, the annual average loss of land is nearly 8,000 hectares. The width of the Brahmaputra has been increased up to 15 kilometres at some places due to bank erosion. New areas are being affected by the bank erosion every year. The riverine fertile agricultural lands of the state are getting reduced due to erosion. It has a negative impact on the rural economy of the state.
One of the key reasons for annual deluge in the state is the high percentage of flood-prone region. According to Rastriya Barh Ayog (RBA), 30.05 lakh hectares of total 78.523 lakh hectares area of the state is prone to frequent floods. The reasons behind this high flood-prone area percentage are both natural and man-made or human induced ones.
Assam and other north-eastern hilly states are prone to heavy natural and artificial landslides. Landslides and earthquakes send in a lot of debris to the rivers causing the river beds to rise-up and become shallow. The shallow river beds lead to greater floods
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