Question

what was the doctrine of lapse and how did it affect the rule of India ?

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Answer 1

Answer:

According to the Doctrine of Lapse designed by Lord Dalhousie, if an Indian ruler died without a male successor, the kingdom would end and hence would come under the control of the Company. Many kingdoms were occupied by the Company by implementing this doctrine.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

Doctrine of lapse

The doctrine of lapse was an annexation policy applied by the British East India Company in India until 1859. According to the doctrine, any Indian princely state under the suzerainty of the British East India Company (the dominant imperial power in the subcontinent), as a vassal state under the British subsidiary system, would have its princely status abolished (and therefore be annexed into British India) if the ruler was either "manifestly incompetent or died without a male heir". The latter supplanted the long-established right of an Indian sovereign without an heir to choose a successor. In addition, the British decided whether potential rulers were competent enough. The doctrine and its applications were widely regarded by many Indians as illegitimate.

The policy is most commonly associated with Lord Dalhousie, who was the Governor General of the East India Company in India between 1848 and 1856. However, it was articulated by the Court of Directors of the East India Company as early as 1847 and several smaller states had already been annexed under this doctrine before Dalhousie took over the post of Governor-General. Dalhousie used the policy most vigorously and extensively, though, so it is generally associated with him.

Effects of Doctrine of lapse to India's rule

Because of this policy many Indian kingdoms came under the rule of the Company.

The company took over the princely states of Satara (1848), Jaitpur and Sambalpur (1849), Bhagat (1850), Udaipur (Chhattisgarh) (1852), Jhansi (1853), Nagpur (1854), Tore and Arcot (1855) under the terms of the doctrine of lapse. Oudh (1856) is widely believed to have been annexed under the Doctrine of Lapse.

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