What was the fundamental difference of opinion between Bolsheviks and Mensheviks regarding strategy of organization of the party?
Answers
The word Menshevik comes from the word "minority" (in Russian of course), and Bolshevik from "majority". Bolsheviks believed in a radical —and elitist— revolution, whereas Mensheviks supported a more progressive change in collaboration with the middle class and the bourgeoisie. The central figures were Julius Martov, at the head of the Mensheviks, who opposed Vladimir Lenin, leader of the bolcheviks. The Bolcheviks did not truly have the majority, yet it was their vision that prevaded for the upcoming decades.
The Bolsheviks and Mensheviks were Russian revolutionary parties of Marxist origins. Russian Marxism dates back to 1898 and the creation of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, or SDs, which itself was formed from several smaller groups. By the turn of the 20th century, the SDs were Russia’s largest Marxist party. In its first few years, the party platform of the SDs remained true to Marxist theory. The SDs considered the proletariat (industrial working class) to be the natural source of revolutionary energy. Since Russia’s industrial workforce was still small, socialist revolution in Russia was a distant prospect – decades, generations, perhaps even a century away.
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