what was the importance of river yamuna while bulding the taj mahal
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Answer:
The land originally belonged to a Rajput king, who gave it to the Mughals for the construction of Taj Mahal, and this was situated on the river of Yamuna, so that was the obvious answer.
The more complex answer and one of the requirements for Tajmahal to be on a Riverbank was because of its foundation.
Taj Mahal is built on a wooden foundation, foundations represented the biggest technical challenge to be overcome by the Mughal builders. In order to support the considerable load resulting from the mausoleum, the sands of the riverbank needed to be stabilised. To this end, wells were sunk and then cased in timber and finally filled with rubble, iron and mortar — essentially acting as augured Piles.
After construction of the terrace was completed, work began simultaneously on the rest of the complex. Trees were planted almost immediately to allow them to mature as work progressed.
Since Timber, probably Mahagony, is one of the main constituents of the foundation of Taj Mahal, and the fact that an apt moisture is required to maintain the structural stability of timber, the Taj Mahal was built near Yamuna.
The water from Yamuna keeps the foundation moisturized at all times and this way the structure stands perfectly, the increase of pollutants in the river and depletion of water from Yamuna, is also one of the reasons that Taj Mahal was sinking some time ago, this was taken under consideration and large scale reconstructions were done around the foundation and measures were taken so that adequate water reaches the timber foundation.
Other than this, another reason may have to do with the plan of the Taj Mahal. According to design, Taj Mahal houses elegant gardens and trees which add to the aesthetic beauty of the mausoleum; however, all of this shrubbery and plant life requires constant watering, building Taj on riverbanks of Yamuna makes this easier, as it is a source of abundant water supply.
Another reason maybe the construction of Moonlight Garden.
This was a depiction of Taj Mahal complex in the 1800s, as you can see the garden north of Yamuna, is of the exact width as the Taj Complex itself, and as such it stages to be the perfect viewpoint for the Taj.
Then yet another reason maybe the controversial plan of Throne of God. This theory puts the entire floor plan of Taj Mahal to be the plan of Judgement day as stated by Ibn Arabi, a sufi mystic.
The diagram shows the 'Arsh (Throne of God; the circle with the eight pointed star), pulpits for the righteous (al-Aminun), seven rows of angels, Gabriel (al-Ruh), A'raf (the Barrier), the Hauzu'l-Kausar (Fountain of Abundance; the semi-circle in the center), al-Maqam al-Mahmud (the Praiseworthy Station; where the prophet Muhammad will stand to intercede for the faithful), Mizan (the Scale), As-Sirāt (the Bridge), Jahannam (Hell) and Marj al-Jannat (Meadow of Paradise). The general proportions and the placement of the Throne, the pulpits and the Kausar Fountain show striking similarities with the Taj Mahal and its garden. There were a few similarities, but the plan does state that the Throne of God is situated at the 8 pointed star at the north of the complex, precisely the location of the Tomb. This plan would be best suited if the complex started from a riverbank, as the massive ever flowing water body marks this universe,
Explanation: