what was the important revolts of peasants??
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Explanation:What caused the peasants revolt?
There were various reasons related to agrarian restructuring for peasants to revolt. The reasons are given below:
Peasants were evicted from their lands
The rent that the peasants had to pay for their lands was increased
Atrocities by the Moneylenders
Peasants’ traditional handicrafts were ruined
The ownership of land was taken away from peasants during Zamindari rule
Massive Debt
Colonial Economic Policies
Land Revenue System was not favouring the peasants (Read about the different land revenue systems in the linked article.)
List of Early Peasants Revolt
The list of Peasants Revolt is given in the table below:
Peasant Movement Details
Indigo Revolt (1859-60)
Indigo was recognized as a chief cash crop for the East India Company’s investments.
It is also known as ‘Nil Bidroho’
All categories of the rural population, missionaries, the Bengal intelligentsia and Muslims.
This indigo revolt gave birth to a political movement and stimulated national sentiment against the British rulers among Indian masses.
Read more about Indigo Rebellion in the linked article.
Rangpur Dhing (1783)
Rangpur uprising took place in Bengal
It is called the first tough peasant rebellion against the rule of the East India Company.
It evidently uncovered the evils like Ijaradari scheme related to the system of colonial exploitation.
It paved the way for formulating a land settlement that would be permanent in nature
The rebellion spread over a significant area, including Ranchi, Hazaribagh, Palamau and Manbhum.
After two years of strong confrontation, they lost to modern weapons of the British.
Read more about Rangpur Dhing in the linked article.
Kol Rebellion (1832)
The Kols and other tribes enjoyed independence underneath their chiefs but the British entry threatened their independence.
The handover of tribal lands and the encroachment of moneylenders, merchants and British laws generated a lot of pressure.
The Kol tribal planned an insurgency in 1831-32 which was engaged primarily against Government officers and private money-lenders.
Mappila Rebellion in Malabar (1841-1920)
Mappila uprising was sequences of rebellions by the Mappila Muslims of Malabar region of Kerala.
The main causes were, increase in land tax, the security of tenure and exploitation of the poor peasantry by the landlords.
The revolt goes fell into the trap of Hindu-Muslim riot.
During this period there was Khilafat movement was raised for the fulfilment of freedom for Muslims.
The 1921 uprising was a manifestation of long-lasting agrarian dissatisfaction, which was only strengthened by the religious and ethnic uniqueness and by their political alienation.
Read about Moplah Rebellion in the linked article.
Santhal Rebellion (1855)
It was a native rebellion in present-day Jharkhand against both the British colonial authority and zamindari system by the Santhal people
It was planned by four Murmu brothers -Sidhu, Kahnu, Chand and Bhairav
The rebellion was suppressed thoroughly and largely shadowed by that of the other rebellions.
Read more about Santhal Uprising in the linked article.
Deccan Uprising (1875)
Along with the Permanent Settlement, the British extended their presence beyond Bengal.
Ryotwari Settlement was the revenue system that was introduced in the Bombay Deccan region
The revolt started in Poona and henceforth it spread to Ahmednagar.
This uprising also involved a social boycott of the moneylender.
Read about Deccan Riots in the linked article.
Munda Ulgulan (1899- 1900)
Birsa Munda-led this movement in the region south of Ranchi
The Mundas conventionally enjoyed a special rent rate as the original clearer (Khuntkatti) of the forest. But this was eroded by the jagirdars and thikadars arrived as traders and moneylenders.
As a result of this rebellion, the government enacted the Chotanagpur Tenancy Act 1908, recognized Khuntkatti rights, banned Beth Begari (forced labour)
Narkelberia Uprising (1782-1831)
Led by Titu Mir/ Mir Nithar Ali
In West Bengal
against landlords, mainly Hindu, who imposed a beard-tax on the Faraizis, and British indigo planters
merged into the Wahabi movement
The Pagal Panthis
Led by Karam Shah
To fight the oppression of the zamindars.
Faraizi Revolt
Led by Shariat-Allah and his son Dadu Mian
to expel the English intruders from Bengal
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