Question

What was the reason of the civil war in Sri Lanka? What was its impact on the economy?​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

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Answer 2

The Sri Lankan Civil War (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ සිවිල් යුද්ධය; Tamil: ஈழப் போர்) was a civil war fought in the island country of Sri Lanka from 1983 to 2009. Beginning on 23 July 1983, there was an intermittent insurgency against the government by the Velupillai Prabhakaran led Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE, also known as the Tamil Tigers), which fought to create an independent Tamil state called Tamil Eelam in the north and the east of the island due to the continuous discrimination against the Sri Lankan Tamils by the Sinhalese dominated Sri Lankan Government, as well as the 1956, 1958 and 1977 anti-Tamil pogroms and the 1981 burning of the Jaffna Public Library carried out by the majority Sinhalese mobs, in the years following Sri Lanka's independence from Britain in 1948.[18] After a 26-year military campaign, the Sri Lankan military defeated the Tamil Tigers in May 2009, bringing the civil war to an end.[1]

Sri Lankan Civil War

ශ්‍රී ලාංකික සිවිල් යුද්ධය

இலங்கை உள்நாட்டுப் போர்

Location Tamil Eelam territorial claim.png

The area of Sri Lanka claimed by the LTTE as Tamil Eelam, where the vast majority of the fighting took place

Date 23 July 1983 – 18 May 2009[1]

(25 years, 9 months, 3 weeks and 4 days)

Location

Sri Lanka

Result

Sri Lankan Government victory

Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam militarily defeated

Sri Lankan government reestablishes control over entire island

Territorial integrity of Sri Lanka preserved

Territorial

changes Government regains total control of former LTTE-controlled areas in the North and East of the country.

Belligerents

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka

India Indian Peace Keeping Force (1987–1990)

Military support:

China

Pakistan

United Kingdom

United States

Israel

South Africa

Russia

Egypt

Tamil Tigers

Supported by:

India (until 1987)

Commanders and leaders

Sri Lanka J. R. Jayawardene (1983–1989)

Sri Lanka Ranasinghe Premadasa † (1989–1993)

Sri Lanka D. B. Wijetunga (1993–1994)

Sri Lanka Chandrika Kumaratunga (1994–2005)

Sri Lanka Mahinda Rajapaksa (2005–2009)

India R. Venkataraman (1987–1989)

India Rajiv Gandhi † (1987–1989)

India V. P. Singh (1989-1990)

V. Prabhakaran †

Balraj †

Karuna Amman (1983–2004)

Kumaran Pathmanathan

Mahattaya Executed

Pottu Amman †

Shankar †

Soosai †

Strength

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Armed Forces:

95,000 (2001)

118,000 (2002)

158,000 (2003)

151,000 (2004)

111,000 (2005)

150,900 (2006)[2]

210,000 (2008)[3]

India Indian Peace Keeping Force:

100,000 (peak)

Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam

(excluding Auxiliary forces):

6,000 (2001)

7,000 (2003)

18,000 (2004)[2][4]

11,000 (2005)

8,000 (2006)

7,000 (2007)[2][5]

(including Auxiliary forces):

25,000 (2006)

30,000 (2008)[6]

Casualties and losses

Sri Lanka 28,708 killed 40,107 wounded [7]

India 1,287 killed,

6,000 wounded

(Indian Peace Keeping Force)[8][9]

27,000+ killed[10][11][12]

11,644 captured[13]

80,000-100,000 killed overall (estimate)[14]

800,000 displaced at peak in 2001[15]

16 May 2009: Sri Lankan Government declared a military defeat of LTTE.[16]

17 May 2009: LTTE admit defeat by Sri Lankan Government.[17]

19 May 2009: President Mahinda Rajapaksa officially declares end of civil war in parliament.

For over 25 years, the war caused significant hardships for the population, environment and the economy of the country, with an initial estimated 80,000–100,000 people killed during its course.[14] In 2013, the UN panel estimated additional deaths during the last phase of the war: "Around 40,000 died while other independent reports estimated the number of civilians dead to exceed 100,000."[19] During the early part of the conflict, the Sri Lankan forces attempted to retake the areas captured by the LTTE. The tactics employed by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam against the actions of Government forces resulted in their listing as a terrorist organisation in 32 countries, including the United States, India, Canada and the member nations of the European Union.[20] The Sri Lankan government forces have also been accused of human rights abuses, systematic impunity for serious human rights violations, lack of respect for habeas corpus in arbitrary detentions, and forced disappearances.[21]

war occurred. In January 2020, President Gotabaya Rajapaksa said that the estimated 20,000+ abducted Sri Lankan Tamil civilians were dead.

Origin and evolution