What was the report which recommended that 33% of Indians should be recruited in the Indian Civil Services and gradually the number of them should be increased
Answers
Answer:
Civilian administration had always remained in Indian hands, even under the Mughals, as part of a deliberate policy of assimilation. But the British saw themselves as a superior race and, seeking to impose colonial rule for commercial gain, considered it necessary to man their administration at all senior and strategic levels with their own personnel.
The question of the “Indianisation” of the civil service in India thus directly arose for the first time after the assumption and gradual consolidation of administrative power by the East India Company, and subsequently by the British government. The rule of the Company was sought to be legitimised by the concept of the British “civilising mission” in India. So, a policy of exclusion was put in place. Race became an important category and identity in the future. It was inevitable that this would be challenged, As the Crown consolidated its power over the subcontinent in the latter half of the 19th century, opposition against its hold over the administration intensified and the question of Indianisation of the higher civil services became the most important “national” issue of the ensuing nationalist struggle against the British Empire in India for the next 50 years.
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Explanation:
The Civil Services are one of the most important cogs in the machine that is the Indian ‘system’. In this country of extreme diversity and socio-cultural variations, the civil services, right from old times, have managed to maintain order within chaos. As the nature of politics and organisation of society and government changed over several years, it became imminent for the bureaucracy to reinvent itself as well. In India’s case, this reinvention was in the hands of the democratic government – the same that granted the bureaucracy protection through Constitutional provisions when India became an independent nation. The bureaucracy, however, remained pretty much the same after India’s independence. Reforms in the bureaucracy have at best been incremental, and very far away from the proposed revolutionary changes. This research study proposes to study the nature of these changes in recent times – more specifically between 2004 and 2016, in order to gauge how the government reacts and promulgates reforms in the civil services. This study involves particularly the Second Administrative Reforms Commission Reports and tracks the recommendations within the domain of autonomy, accountability, tenures and training for the civil services. The research method of document analysis is employed to study government orders, notifications and legislative measures taken in furtherance to efforts of reforming the civil services. The government was found wanting in the implementation process, with less than a third of the total recommendations studied having been implemented. The government’s lowest priorities were in the sector of reforms in autonomy, with most recommendations having been rejected. The study also involved the circulation of a structured questionnaire among civil servants across the country. Officers across the board unanimously called for the fixation of minimum tenures for civil servants, and overwhelmingly supported greater autonomy of the Services. A majority also was in favour of statutory separation of powers between the civil servants and politicians, although it did not support the formation of an independent regulatory body to ensure better accountability. On the issue of lateral entry, the debate among civil servants remains heavily contested, as just a little over half of the respondents felt that lateral entry should be allowed. This study provides avenues for delving further into the politics of the reformation process, and what are the possible influencing factors.