Question

what was the role of the reserves before and after the Vietnam war?

Answer 1

The U.S. Department of Defense services are supported by six reserve components: the Army National Guard, the Army Reserve, the Naval Reserve, the Marine Corps Reserve, the Air National Guard, and the Air Force Reserve. The National Guard components evolved from state militia organizations and serve under the command of state governors unless they are federalized. The Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force Reserves, by contrast, serve only as federalized armed forces. Reserve combat units such as infantry, armor, and fighter squadrons are primarily in the National Guard, while support specialties such as civil affairs are primarily in the federal reserves.

There are three tiers of availability for mobilization within the reserve components. The first tier is the Ready Reserves, which had over 2 million personnel at the advent of the volunteer force in 1973 and now are one-half that size. The Ready Reserves consist of reservists who, within a ceiling set by the Congress, can be called to active duty by the President without congressional consent.

Included in the Ready Reserve are the Selected Ready Reserve, who serve in units, drill periodically, and are paid. Also included are the Individual Ready Reserve/Inactive National Guard (IRR/ING), consisting of trained personnel who have served in but are not currently in units, do not train regularly, and do not get paid, but have a remaining service obligation and are subject to mobilization.

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