What was the structure of administration under british rule
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when the officials of east India company acquired control over Bengal in 1765,they had little intention of making any innovations in its administration.They only desired to carry on their profitable trade and collect taxes for remission to England.
From 1765 to 1772, in the period of the Dual Government,Indian officials were allowed to function as before but under the overall cantrol of the British governor and British official's.
The Indian officials had responsibility but no power while the company's officials had power but no responsibility. Both sets of officials were venal and corrupt men. In 1772 the Company ended the dual Government and under took to administer Bengal directly through its own servants. But the evils inherent in the administration of a country by a purely commercial company soon came to the surface.
The East India Company was at this time a commercial body designed to trade with the East. Moreover,it's higher authority was situated in England ,many thousands of kilometers away from India.Yet , it had come to weild political power over millions of people.The anamolous state of affairs posed many problems for the British government.
The first of these problems was the most pressing as well as the most important. It was also closely interwoven with party and parliamentary rivalries in Britain, the political ambitions of English statesman , and the commercial greed of English merchants.
The rich resources of Bengal had fallen into the hands of the Company whose Directors immediately raised dividends to 10 per cent in 1767 and proposed 1771 to raise the rate further to 12.5 per cent.
The company's English servants took advantage of their position to make quick fortunes through illegal and unequal trade and the forcible collection of bribes and gifts from Indian cheifs and zamindar's.
Clive's returned to England at age of 34 with wealth and property yielding of 40,000 euro per year.
The company's high dividend and the fabulous wealth brought home by its officials excited the jealousy of other sections of British society.
From 1765 to 1772, in the period of the Dual Government,Indian officials were allowed to function as before but under the overall cantrol of the British governor and British official's.
The Indian officials had responsibility but no power while the company's officials had power but no responsibility. Both sets of officials were venal and corrupt men. In 1772 the Company ended the dual Government and under took to administer Bengal directly through its own servants. But the evils inherent in the administration of a country by a purely commercial company soon came to the surface.
The East India Company was at this time a commercial body designed to trade with the East. Moreover,it's higher authority was situated in England ,many thousands of kilometers away from India.Yet , it had come to weild political power over millions of people.The anamolous state of affairs posed many problems for the British government.
The first of these problems was the most pressing as well as the most important. It was also closely interwoven with party and parliamentary rivalries in Britain, the political ambitions of English statesman , and the commercial greed of English merchants.
The rich resources of Bengal had fallen into the hands of the Company whose Directors immediately raised dividends to 10 per cent in 1767 and proposed 1771 to raise the rate further to 12.5 per cent.
The company's English servants took advantage of their position to make quick fortunes through illegal and unequal trade and the forcible collection of bribes and gifts from Indian cheifs and zamindar's.
Clive's returned to England at age of 34 with wealth and property yielding of 40,000 euro per year.
The company's high dividend and the fabulous wealth brought home by its officials excited the jealousy of other sections of British society.
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British introduced their own administrative system in India.
1. In this system, they needed clerical people who can work for them in the given setup.
2. Since it was difficult to bring the British for this job so Indians were recruited.
3. Indians were always given clerical jobs and they were administered by the British civil servant.
4. In Army, no Indian could ever rise to a rank above Subedar.
5. Civil service examination was held in London with age 19 so it found very few Indians.
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