Question

what was the unsuccessful pre–revolution of Russia

Answer 1

In October the first soviet (“workers' council”) is set up; the tsar enacts reforms and holds onto power. Fueled by food shortages, violence erupts in Petrograd. In March the tsar abdicates. Power is shared between the Provisional Government and the soviets. Lenin returns to Russia from exile.
From Tsar to U.S.S.R.: Russia's