What was wrong in the occupational division of society? Why did people criticize the cast system? Write.
Answers
Answer:
Castes are rigid social groups characterized by hereditary transmission of life style, occupation and social status. Caste system in India has its origins in ancient India, and was transformed by various ruling elites in medieval, early-modern, and modern India, especially the Mughal Empire and the British Raj.[1][2][3][4] The caste system consists of two different concepts, varna and jati, which may be regarded as different levels of analysis.
The caste system as it exists today is thought to be the result of developments during the collapse of the Mughal era and the rise of the British colonial government in India.[1][5] The collapse of the Mughal era saw the rise of powerful men who associated themselves with kings, priests and ascetics, affirming the regal and martial form of the caste ideal, and it also reshaped many apparently casteless social groups into differentiated caste communities.[6] The British Raj furthered this development, making rigid caste organisation a central mechanism of administration.[5] Between 1860 and 1920, the British formulated the caste system into their system of governance, granting administrative jobs and senior appointments only to Christians and people belonging to certain castes.[7] Social unrest during the 1920s led to a change in this policy.[8] From then on, the colonial administration began a policy of positive discrimination by reserving a certain percentage of government jobs for the lower castes. In 1948, negative discrimination on the basis of caste was banned by law and further enshrined in the Indian constitution; however, the system continues to be practiced in parts of India.[9]
Caste-based differences have also been practised in other regions and religions in the Indian subcontinent, like Nepalese Buddhism,[10] Christianity, Islam, Judaism and Sikhism.[11] It has been challenged by many reformist Hindu movements,[12] Sikhism, Christianity,[11] by present-day Indian Buddhism.[13] With Indian influence in Southeast Asia, the caste system is also practiced in places such as Thailand,[14][15] Cambodia[16] and Bali.[17]
India after achieving independence in 1947 enacted many affirmative action policies for the upliftment of historically marginalized groups. These policies included reserving a quota of places for these groups in higher education and government employment.
Answer:
the wrong occupational division is over caste and caste feeling