What were the causes of withdrawal of the Non Co- operation Movement?
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Answers
NON - COOPERATION MOVEMENT:
• Non-cooperation movement was launched by M.K. Gandhi in 1921 against the killings of innocent people in Jallianwala bagh and Rowlatt Act.
• This movement also supported the Indian Muslims and their Khilafat movement.
• This movement was supported by Indian National Congress under Bala Gangadhar Tilak.
• This movement got wide support from people all over India.
Reasons for withdrawal of Movement:
• The main reason for withdrawal of Non-cooperation movement was the Chauri-Chaura incident.
• Chauri-Chaura is a place located in Uttar Pradesh.
• The poeple of this place who participated in this movement attacked and burnt the police station.
• This incident took place on 5th Febraury, 1922. In this incident 21 policemen were killed.
Mahatma Gandhi understood that the movement was turning violent. Hence, he withdrew the Movement.
Answer:
The following were the causes of withdrawal of the Non-Cooperation Movement :
• Rebellion in countryside : In the country side, many rebellious movements started against the government which was not approved by the Congress.
• Slowing down of Movement in cities : The Non-Cooperation movement usually got slowed down in cities. As foreign cloth were boycotted, but traditional Khadi cloth was more expensive and poor people could not afford that. Similarly the boycott British institutions, needed the native institutions to be built up but they were slow to come up. So this boycott could not retain longer.
• Beginning of 'No taxes campaign' : In many places local leaders told peasants that Gandhiji had declared that no taxes were to be paid and land was to be redistributed among the poor. The name of the Mahatma was being invoked to sanction all actions and aspirations.
• Rise of Militant Activities : Tribal peasants interpreted the message of Mahatma Gandhi and the idea of swaraj in another way. In the Gudem Hills of Andhra Pradesh a militant guerrilla movement spread in early 1920s - not a form of struggle that the Congress could approve.
• At Chauri Chaura in Gorakhpur, a peaceful demonstration in a bazaar turned into a violent clash with the police. Hearing of the incident, Mahatma Gandhi called a halt to the Non-Cooperation Movement.