Question

What were the circumstances which led to the khilafat and non cooperation movement?

Answer 1

Circumstances leading to the khilafat movement:
 Germany defeated in the first world war. The peace treaty imposed severe terms upon Germany and its allies. The sultan of Turkey, the caliph or khalifa was deprived of all his political powers. The sultan was deprived of real authority even over those territories which were left under his control. This leads to the formation of Khilafat movement.

Circumstances leading to Non cooperation movement:
  Rowlatt act
 Jallianwala Bagh tragedy
 khilafat movement
 Montague-Chelmsford reforms

Answer 2

circumstances leading to khilafat movement . Germany defeated in the first world war . The peace treaty imposed severe terms upon Germany and it allies.