Question

What were the contemporary philosophies that Dostoevsky was responding to? in
Crime and punishment.
in English literature​

Answer 1

Answer:

Dostoevsky was intimately familiar with two major philosophies: that of Orthodox Christianity and of Utopian Socialism. Each had its own specific and finely tuned understanding and justification of suffering, and each prescribed its own remedy.

Answer 2

Answer:

Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky[a] (/ˌdɒstəˈjɛfski, ˌdʌs-/;[1] Russian: Фёдор Михайлович Достоевский[b], romanized: Fyódor Mikháylovich Dostoyévskiy, lit. 'ˈfʲɵdər mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪdʑ dəstɐˈjɛfskʲɪj'; 11 November 1821 – 9 February 1881[2][c]), sometimes transliterated as Dostoyevsky, was a Russian novelist, philosopher, short story writer, essayist, and journalist. Dostoevsky's literary works explore human psychology in the troubled political, social, and spiritual atmospheres of 19th-century Russia, and engage with a variety of philosophical and religious themes. His most acclaimed novels include Crime and Punishment (1866), The Idiot (1869), Demons (1872), and The Brothers Karamazov (1880). Dostoevsky's body of works consists of 12 novels, four novellas, 16 short stories, and numerous other works. Many literary critics rate him as one of the greatest psychological novelists in world literature.[3] His 1864 novella Notes from Underground is considered to be one of the first works of existentialist literature.