Question

What were the effects of contact between Central Asia and North India?

(any two points)​

Answer 1

Answer:

Central Asian Contacts

The period around 200 BCE did not witness an empire as large as Mauryas but is regarded as an important period in terms of the intimate and widespread contacts between Central Asia and India. In Eastern India, Central India and the Deccan, the Mauryas were succeeded by a number of native rulers such as the Sungas, the Kanvas and the Satavahanas. In north-western India, the Mauryas were succeeded by a number of ruling dynasties from Central Asia.

Get a comprehensive note on the Mauryas for the IAS exam in the linked article.

Indo-Greeks/Bactrian Greeks

A series of invasions took place from about 200 BCE. The first to cross the Hindukush were the Greeks, who ruled Bactria, lying south of the Oxus river in the area covered by north Afghanistan. One of the important causes of invasion was the weakness of the Seleucid empire, which had been established in Bactria and the adjoining areas of Iran called Parthia. Due to the growing pressure from the Scythian tribes, the later Greek rulers were unable to hold their power in this area. The construction of the Chinese wall prevented the Scythians from entering China. So, their attention turned towards Greeks and Parthians. Pushed by the Scythian tribes, the Bactrian Greeks were forced to invade India. The successors of Ashoka were too weak to thwart the attack.

In the beginning of the 2nd century BCE, the Indo-Greeks/Bactrian Greeks were the first to invade India.

The Indo-Greeks occupied a large part of north-western India, much larger than that conquered by Alexander.

It is believed that they pushed forward to as far as Ayodhya and Pataliputra.

However, the Greeks failed to establish a united rule in India. Two Greek dynasties ruled north-western India on parallel lines at the same time.

The Indo-Bactrian rule is important in the history of India because of the large number of coins issued by the Greek kings.

The Indo-Greeks were the first rulers in India to issue coins which can be definitely attributed to the kings.

It is rather interesting to note that out of the forty-two Indo-Greek kings, as many as 34 are known only through their coins.

Explanation:

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