What were the kingdoms ruling the southern coastal regions of India? Write a short note on them.
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Kingdoms of South India: Cholas (300 BC to 1300 CE)
The Cholas were one of the three main dynasties to rule south India from ancient times(The other two being Cheras and Pandyas). ... His son Aditya I defeated the Pallava king Aparajita and extended the Chola territories to Tondaimandalam.
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- In southern India, the areas around the Kaveri river are the most fertile. And the kings and chiefs who controlled those fertile valleys and coasts became very rich and powerful.
- Sangam poems mention the muvendar, the three chiefs, referring to the heads of the three powerful kingdoms of the south: the Cholas, the Cheras, and the Pandyas.
- Each kingdom had two centres, one inland and one coastal. For example, the coastal centre of the Cholas was Puhar (or Kaveripattinam), and that of the Pandyas was Madurai.
- They did not take regular taxes but demanded gifts from their people. And they also frequently went on military expeditions (battles and wars) to collect tributes from neighbouring areas and kingdoms.
- They kept some wealth for themselves and distributed the rest to their supporters,family, and soldiers.
- They also showered poets with gold, gems, chariots, horses, elephants, and fine clothes.
- .Around 200 years after the muvendar, the Satvahanas came into power. Their greatest ruler was Gautamiputra Satkarni, and we know about him through inscriptions (writings in stone) made by his mother Gautami Bala.
- He and the other Satvahana rulers were known as Lords of Dakshinapatta (the southern strip) which later came to include all of South India
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