Question

what were the main features of constitution of 1791

Answer 1

Hi,

Your answer :
The first written constitution of France, the Constitution of September 3, 1791 includes the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of August 26, 1789. This means that it embodies the ideals of the Revolution in their original form. Written by the National Constituent Assembly, it reflects the great ideas of the time: the right to vote, national sovereignty, limitations to the monarchy, the debate on the existence of a second Chamber, the separation of powers . Too strict an application of this last principle entails the impossibility of regulating, if not by force, the differences that may arise between the executive and the legislative powers, since the King can not dissolve the Assembly, and the latter can not reverse ministers who are often at the origin of conflicts. The Paris "day" of August 10, 1792 suspends the Constitution, the application of which will not have lasted a year.

The Constituent Assembly has sought to limit the right to vote, in order to preserve the prerogatives of the liberal bourgeoisie, which results in the introduction of restricted suffrage: in the first degree, the right to vote is granted to most citizens (provided they are twenty-five years old and pay at least three working days), but it only results in the election of second-class high and therefore very few, who alone can elect the deputies. Such a system is not without consequences on the theory of representation. Indeed, only a limited number of citizens are empowered, in the final analysis, to express the sovereignty of the nation; voting is a function and not a right, the nation being free to attribute the electoral function as it sees fit. The king himself is now subject to the authority of the nation, to whom he swears an oath of fidelity. He exercises executive power, including the appointment of ministers and his veto.

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Answer 2

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Features of the Constitution of 1791 framed by the National Assembly :

$\bigstar$ Limit the power of the Monarch.

$\bigstar$ Powers were separated to different institutions - the Legislature, Executive and the Judiciary.

$\bigstar$ Constitutional monarchy was introduced.

$\bigstar$ Power to make laws to National Assembly.

$\bigstar$ Citizens were grouped into active and passive citizens i.e. active citizens had right to vote.

$\bigstar$ Only men above 25 years of age who paid taxes equal to at least 3 days of a labourer's wage were given the right to vote. It means they were active citizens. The remaining men and all women were classed as passive citizens.

$\bigstar$ To qualify as an elector and then as a member of the assembly a man had to belong to the highest bracket of tax payers.