what were the major economie active of trible in pre colonial and colonial period
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CHAPTER - VI
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF COLONIAL AND
POST-COLONIAL TRIBAL PEOPLE
In this chapter a detailed discussion on the economic policies of the
colonial and post-colonial states are discussed. While discussing the colonial
period emphasis is given to land revenue and forest policies and to assess its
effect on the tribal life, especially among the Kurichias. In the post-colonial
period, independent state‟s agrarian reforms, occupational mobility and land
reforms were taken into analysis to understand the dynamics of the economic
life of the tribals.
Economy, colonialism and the tribals
The British conquest of Malabar changed the situation by
strengthening its control over the whole area and tightening its grip as a
central imperialistic power extending to every aspect of people's life and
activity. The British came into contact with the tribes in Malabar during their
efforts for the consolidation of the Empire. In the beginning the colonial
Government did not want to go into the roots of tribal problems as they have
no interest in their development. It did not evolve a consistent policy for
tribal development during the 19th century, but in the 20th century, a little
attention was paid only to the welfare of the tribes in those areas where the
colonial agents lived.1
But the attempts made during this period miserably
failed to have any positive impact on the tribal economy. J.P. Hutton, the
commissioner of census 1931, has summarized the impact of British rule on
1 Velayudha Saravanan, 'Economic Decline of Tribals in Tamil Nadu – 1947-
2000' in Govinda Chandra Rath (Ed.) Tribal Development in India – The
Contemporary Debate, New Delhi, 2000, p.218.
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