Question

What were the Political and Economic problems faced by the Weimar Republic?
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Answer 1

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Weimar Republic was created at a time of confusion and chaos after Germany had lost the First World War. Many people felt that Germany had received a very harsh deal in the Treaty of Versailles and they resented the government for signing it and agreeing to its conditions.

The Weimar Republic faced violent uprisings from various groups, not to mention devastating economic problems.

Germany between 1918 and 1919 was in chaos. People were starving, the Kaiser had fled and people hated the government for signing the armistice in November 1918 - they called them the November criminals. Bands of soldiers called Freikorps refused to disband and formed private armies. It was not a good start for the Republic.

There was continuous violence and unrest:

In March 1920, there was a rebellion - the Kapp Putsch - that aimed to set up a new government as the rebels were angry at them for signing the Treaty of Versailles.Nationalist terror groups assassinated 356 government politicians.Many of the people in Germany were communists, who wanted to bring in a Russian-style communist government. There were a number of communist uprisings. For instance, in 1919 the Spartacists rebelled in Berlin.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

• The Weimar Government being a new and inexperienced government had to deal with the complex problem of economic depression. Hyperinflation occurred as the government made the mistake of too much money to pay reparations. The Weimar Republic had to figure out how to pay reparations.

• With the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm a new Government was formed in the town of Weimar (as Berlin was too unstable) known as the Weimar Republic. Thus a new democracy was born. From the start the Weimar Republic seemed doomed being branded the ‘November Criminals’ for signing the armistice that betrayed Germany and then for signing the Treaty of Versailles. Moreover, the Social Democrats that held the majority in the Weimar Government was pressured both by the left and right wing seeking to usurp power.

• One of the first problems that the Weimar Republic faced was Hyperinflation. Money became so worthless that children could play with stacks of it. People's savings were wiped out causing widespread discontent and civil unrest.

Conditions that prevented the success of the Weimar Republic :-

• The army leaders who were from Junker or noble families were unwilling to be led by people below their social class. The army did not support the Weimar Republic.

• The Weimar Republic did not have any charismatic leaders. Friedrich Ebert, the first President of the Weimer Government was not a people’s leader. Instead he was despised by patriotic Germans who saw him as a ‘November Criminal.’

• The bureaucratic transition was not smooth. The government was still stuck in the old monarchy system of the Kaiser. The government could not even do basic things such as trash collection. It appeared as if the government was unable to function to the average citizen. The government had a lot on their plate with stability being such a key concern (as shown by the fact that the constitution was geared towards this by entitling the President emergency powers of being able to rule by decree.)

• The Weimar Government being a new and inexperienced government had to deal with the complex problem of economic depression. Hyperinflation occurred as the government made the mistake of too much money to pay reparations.

• The Weimar Republic had to figure out how to pay reparations. Germany had to take loans from the USA to pay reparations and also pay in the form of coal, iron and other resources. As a result, there was a shortage of coal in Germany. Commoners didn’t have enough coal for heating and cooking, which they blamed the government for.